Taxonomic notes: Heyer (2000) reviewed the nomenclatural and taxonomic history of the nominal species, redescribed the lectotype, and posited that it represents a species of Leptodactylus currently known only from the type specimen.

This species is known only from Nossa Senhora do Socorro, in the state of Sergipe, in north-eastern Brazil.

There have been no records of it since the original collection in the 1860s.

If it is like other members of its genus, it probably occurs near forest waterbodies, and makes foam nests in temporary pools.

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If this is a forest-dwelling species, then it is likely to be threatened by habitat loss due to agricultural development, logging, livestock grazing and human settlement.

• 2.3.2 Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming
• 5.3.5 Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
• 2.1.2 Small-holder farming
• 1.1 Housing & urban areas

No information is available. Surveys are urgently needed to determine whether or not this species still survives.

Listed as Data Deficient in view of the absence of recent information on its extent of occurrence, status and ecological requirements.

• Heyer, W.R. 2000. The lectotype of Cystignathus hylodes Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862. Journal of Herpetology: 150-153.