This guide is based on wikipedia's list of birds of Germany with accidentals removed to keep the guide under 500 entries.
The Velvet Scoter (Melanitta fusca), also called a Velvet Duck or whitewing (not to be confused with the white-winged scoter), is a large sea duck, which breeds over the far north of Europe and Asia west of the Yenisey basin. A small, isolated population nests in eastern Turkey. The East Siberian and North American White-winged Scoter is sometimes considered ...more ↓
The Common Scoter (Melanitta nigra) is a large sea duck, 43–54 cm in length, which breeds over the far north of Europe and Asia east to the Olenyok River. The American/E Siberian M. americana (Black Scoter) is sometimes considered a subspecies of M. nigra.