Lycopodiaceae: Clubmosses & Firmosses of Vermont

Six Genera

+Diphasiastrum

Ground-Cedars (4)
Shape: Spiral-Tree
Scale-like, flat-branched leaves

Fan Clubmoss/S. Ground-Cedar
D. digitatum - Common
Wide, spreading, thick branches

Blue Clubmoss
D. tristachyum - Uncommon
Blue-green cast, thinner branchlets, upright clusters

N. Ground-Cedar
D. complanatum - Rare
Annual constrictions on branchlets

Savin-Leaved Clubmoss
D. x sabinafolium - Rare

+Dendrolycopodium

Tree Clubmosses (3)
Shape: Spiral-Tree

Prickly Tree-Clubmoss
D. dendroideum - Common
Spreading stem trunk leaves
Leaves all around branches

Flat-Branched Clubmoss
D. obscurum - Common
Flat branches
Appressed/ascending stem trunk leaves

Hickey's Tree-Clubmoss
D. hickeyi - Uncommon
Leaves all around branches
Appressed/ascending stem trunk leaves

+Huperzia

Firmosses (4)
Shape: Straight-Tree

Shining Firmoss
H. lucidula - Common

Mountain Firmoss
H. appressa - Uncommon

Northern Firmoss
H. selago - Rare

Appalachian Clubmoss
H. appalachiana - Rare

+Spinulum

Interrupted Clubmosses (2)
Shape: Straight-Tree

Interrupted Clubmoss
S. annotinum - Common
Tall, larger
Spore cones 17-45mm

Northern Clubmoss
S. canadense - Rare
Smaller, shorter, alpine
Spore cones up to 17mm

+Lycopodium

Clubmosses (2)
Shape: Creeping

Stag's-Horn Clubmoss
L. clavatum - Common
1-5 stalked strobili
More spreading

Arctic Stag's-Horn Clubmoss
L. lagopus - Uncommon
1 stalked strobili or 2 unstalked strobili
Fewer branches, more erect

+Lycopodiella

Bog Clubmosses (2)
Shape: Creeping

Inundated Bog Clubmoss
L. inundata - Uncommon

Appressed Bog Clubmoss
L. appressa - Rare

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Resources:
iNaturalist
GoBotany
Minnesota Wildflowers
Peterson's Guide to Ferns less ↑