Birds of Kanger Valley National Park

The Kanger Valley National Park is situated in Jagdalpur, Bastar district of Chhattisgarh . It lies 24 Km south-east of Jagdalpur on Jagdalpur-Darbha Road. This National Park derives its name from the river Kanger, which flows centrally from north-west to south-east direction. The KVNP came into existence on 22nd July, 1982 notified by Government of Madhya Pradesh. It was carved out from Kanger, Darbha and Machkote Forest Range (MFR) of the then Central Bastar Forest Division. The National Park comprises of mainly two ranges viz. Kotumsar and Koleng ranges. The KVNP is noted for its highly heterogeneous land formations ranging from low flat and gentle areas to steep slopes, plateaus, valleys and stream courses. The vast undulating terrain of the KVNP harbours diverse habitat which offer an ideal site for diverse kinds of flora and fauna, thus making it a hotspot of biodiversity in the Central India. The overall biodiversity is very rich which attracts a good number of avian species, including from the Eastern Ghats, Western Ghats, and Himalayas. Eastern Ghat being the closest, are spread through Odisha, Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu. They span over ca. 75000 sq. km. with an average width of 200 km in the north and 100 km in the south and extend over a length of 1750 km between the River Mahanadi in the north and River Vaigai in the south, along the east coast of India. The northern most boundary of the Eastern Ghats consists of the Mahanadi basin and merge with the tips of the Bastar, Chhattisgarh. The Eastern Ghat supports nearly 400 species and subspecies of birds, Islam and Rahmani.
.
All together there are 48 villages within 5 km radius of KVNP boundary. The total area of the National Park is ca. 200 sq. Km. extending from 18.75 N to 18.9416667° N latitude to 81.8583° E to 82.1667° E longitude. The altitude of the park varies from 338 m to 781 m above mean sea level. The valley presumes to start from Tirathgarh waterfalls to the Kolab river (Odisha State boundary) ranges nearly to 33.5 Km in length with average width of about 6 Km. Apart from above, the National Park has famous unique features like many long subterranean geomorphologic limestone caves viz. Kotumsar Cave, Kailash Cave, Dandak Cave, Devgiri Cave etc. for their stalactites. The valley is representative of old growth moist forests. Kanger river, is lifeline and among one of very few perennial rivers of Bastar, and the whole National Park is the catchment of Godavari River. The several drainage of river Kanger are also perennial, which support the flora and faunaof the region.
The Machkote Forest Range (MFR) with headquarter at village Machkote (N 19.02264°, E 082.21014°), is part of corridor connecting Eastern Ghats to KVNP, with similar landscape. MFR is ca. 400 sq. km. in area, has a large wetland at village Kurandi (N 19.02908°, E 082.10134°), river Kolab forms the eastern boundary of range with Odisha. These wetlands and surrounding reserved forests attract good number of migratory and resident, aquatic and non-aquatic avian species and also forms part of avian convergence zone. This forest range is comparatively more embellished with wildlife and also ca. 500 years old Teak (Tectona grandis) growths (source: State Forest Dept.). MFR is equally potential, but less studied pocket of this forest division, we also figured curious geological formations in Kolab river bedat location Gupteshwar.
As per the bio-geographic classification of India (Rodgers and Panwar, 1988 Source: State Forest Dept.) KVNP and MFR lies in Zone 6C Deccan peninsula- Eastern Highlands designated by Eastern province, which forms boundary with the Eastern Ghats. The ecological forest types recognizable in the area are: (i) North Indian Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest (3C/C2e) Sub. Div. Moist peninsular Sal Forest. (ii) North Indian Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest (3C/C3) Sub. Div. Moist mixed deciduous forests. (iii) Southern Indian Moist Deciduous Forest (3B/CIc) Sub. Div. Slightly moist Teak Forest. (iv) Southern Indian Moist Deciduous Forest (3B/C2) Sub. Div. Moist Sal bearing forest Champion and Seth[19]. The mean annual rainfall is about 1300 mm. Being a tropical
forest the mean annual temperature is 31°C. Hottest months are April and May, the monsoon strikes by early June, and tender winter prevails from November to February. less ↑

All 303

Indian Peafowl ¹
Pavo cristatus

Common Quail ²
Coturnix coturnix

Lesser Whistling-Duck ³
Dendrocygna javanica

Jungle Bush-Quail ⁴
Perdicula asiatica

Grey Francolin ⁵
Ortygornis pondicerianus

Blue-breasted Quail ⁶
Synoicus chinensis

Rain Quail ⁷
Coturnix coromandelica

Red Junglefowl ⁸
Gallus gallus

Rock Bush-Quail ⁹
Perdicula argoondah

Painted Bush-Quail ¹⁰
Perdicula erythrorhyncha

Eurasian Collared-Dove ¹¹
Streptopelia decaocto

Red Spurfowl ¹²
Galloperdix spadicea

Little Grebe ¹³
Tachybaptus ruficollis

Rock Pigeon ¹⁴
Columba livia

Oriental Turtle Dove ¹⁵
Streptopelia orientalis

Spotted Dove ¹⁶
Streptopelia chinensis

Laughing Dove ¹⁷
Streptopelia senegalensis

Asian Emerald Dove ¹⁸
Chalcophaps indica

Red Turtle Dove ¹⁹
Streptopelia tranquebarica

Orange-breasted Green-Pigeon ²⁰
Treron bicinctus

Yellow-footed Green Pigeon ²¹
Treron phoenicopterus

Jerdon's Nightjar ²²
Caprimulgus atripennis

Jungle Nightjar ³
Caprimulgus indicus

Large-tailed Nightjar ²³
Caprimulgus macrurus

Indian Nightjar ²⁴
Caprimulgus asiaticus

Savanna Nightjar ³
Caprimulgus affinis

Crested Treeswift ²⁵
Hemiprocne coronata

White-rumped Needletail ²⁶
Zoonavena sylvatica

Alpine Swift ²⁷
Apus melba

Asian Palm-Swift ²⁸
Cypsiurus balasiensis

Southern Coucal ¹²
Centropus sinensis parroti

House Swift ²⁹
Apus nipalensis

Greater Coucal ¹²
Centropus sinensis

Asian Koel ³⁰
Eudynamys scolopaceus

Sirkeer Malkoha ³
Taccocua leschenaultii

Green-billed Malkoha ¹⁸
Phaenicophaeus tristis

Pied Cuckoo ³¹
Clamator jacobinus

Banded Bay Cuckoo ²⁹
Cacomantis sonneratii

Common Hawk-Cuckoo ³²
Hierococcyx varius

Plaintive Cuckoo ³³
Cacomantis merulinus

Square-tailed Drongo-Cuckoo ¹⁸
Surniculus lugubris

Grey-bellied Cuckoo ³⁴
Cacomantis passerinus

Large Hawk-Cuckoo ³⁵
Hierococcyx sparverioides

Indian Cuckoo ²⁹
Cuculus micropterus

Common Cuckoo ³⁶
Cuculus canorus

Ruddy-breasted Crake ³⁷
Zapornia fusca

Gray-headed Swamphen ³⁸
Porphyrio poliocephalus

Brown Crake ³⁹
Zapornia akool

White-breasted Waterhen ⁴⁰
Amaurornis phoenicurus

Asian Openbill ⁴¹
Anastomus oscitans

Common Moorhen ⁴²
Gallinula chloropus

Yellow Bittern ⁴³
Ixobrychus sinensis

Cinnamon Bittern ⁴⁴
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus

Purple Heron ⁴⁵
Ardea purpurea

Grey Heron ⁴⁶
Ardea cinerea

Black-crowned Night-Heron ⁴⁷
Nycticorax nycticorax

Black Bittern ⁴⁸
Ixobrychus flavicollis

Indian Pond-Heron ⁴⁹
Ardeola grayii

Great Egret ⁵⁰
Ardea alba

Cattle Egret ⁵¹
Bubulcus ibis

Striated Heron ⁵²
Butorides striata

Intermediate Egret ⁵³
Ardea intermedia

Little Egret ⁵⁴
Egretta garzetta

Red-naped Ibis ²⁴
Pseudibis papillosa

Glossy Ibis ⁵⁵
Plegadis falcinellus

Black-headed Ibis ¹⁸
Threskiornis melanocephalus

Great Cormorant ⁵⁶
Phalacrocorax carbo

Oriental Darter ⁵⁷
Anhinga melanogaster

Little Cormorant ³
Microcarbo niger

Indian Cormorant ⁵⁸
Phalacrocorax fuscicollis

Yellow-wattled Lapwing ³
Vanellus malabaricus

Red-wattled Lapwing ³
Vanellus indicus

Pacific Golden-Plover ⁵⁹
Pluvialis fulva

Common Snipe ⁶⁰
Gallinago gallinago

Little Stint ⁶¹
Calidris minuta

Greater Painted-Snipe ⁶²
Rostratula benghalensis

Pin-tailed Snipe ⁴⁹
Gallinago stenura

Barred Buttonquail ⁶³
Turnix suscitator

Common Buttonquail ⁵²
Turnix sylvaticus

Pheasant-tailed Jacana ⁶⁴
Hydrophasianus chirurgus

Bronze-winged Jacana ²¹
Metopidius indicus

Watercock ⁶⁵
Gallicrex cinerea

Jerdon's Baza ²³
Aviceda jerdoni

Indian Courser ⁶⁶
Cursorius coromandelicus

Oriental Honey-buzzard ⁶⁷
Pernis ptilorhynchus

Black-winged Kite ²³
Elanus caeruleus

Black Baza ¹⁸
Aviceda leuphotes

Crested Serpent-Eagle ¹⁸
Spilornis cheela

Short-toed Snake-Eagle ⁶⁸
Circaetus gallicus

Indian Spotted Eagle ³
Clanga hastata

Black Eagle ⁶⁹
Ictinaetus malaiensis

Imperial Eagle ⁷⁰
Aquila heliaca

Rufous-bellied Eagle ⁴⁸
Lophotriorchis kienerii

Booted Eagle ⁷¹
Hieraaetus pennatus

Besra ⁷²
Accipiter virgatus

Eurasian Sparrowhawk ⁷³
Accipiter nisus

Crested Goshawk ²⁹
Accipiter trivirgatus

Shikra ⁷⁴
Accipiter badius

Barn Owl ⁷⁵
Tyto alba

Edited by Ravi Naidu, Ameet Mandavia, and Prateek Smith Mandal, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)

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Birds of Kanger Valley National Park

Indian Peafowl 1 Pavo cristatus

Common Quail 2 Coturnix coturnix

Lesser Whistling-Duck 3 Dendrocygna javanica

Jungle Bush-Quail 4 Perdicula asiatica

Grey Francolin 5 Ortygornis pondicerianus

Blue-breasted Quail 6 Synoicus chinensis

Rain Quail 7 Coturnix coromandelica

Red Junglefowl 8 Gallus gallus

Rock Bush-Quail 9 Perdicula argoondah

Painted Bush-Quail 10 Perdicula erythrorhyncha

Eurasian Collared-Dove 11 Streptopelia decaocto

Red Spurfowl 12 Galloperdix spadicea

Little Grebe 13 Tachybaptus ruficollis

Rock Pigeon 14 Columba livia

Oriental Turtle Dove 15 Streptopelia orientalis

Spotted Dove 16 Streptopelia chinensis

Laughing Dove 17 Streptopelia senegalensis

Asian Emerald Dove 18 Chalcophaps indica

Red Turtle Dove 19 Streptopelia tranquebarica

Orange-breasted Green-Pigeon 20 Treron bicinctus

Yellow-footed Green Pigeon 21 Treron phoenicopterus

Jerdon's Nightjar 22 Caprimulgus atripennis

Jungle Nightjar 3 Caprimulgus indicus

Large-tailed Nightjar 23 Caprimulgus macrurus

Indian Nightjar 24 Caprimulgus asiaticus

Savanna Nightjar 3 Caprimulgus affinis

Crested Treeswift 25 Hemiprocne coronata

White-rumped Needletail 26 Zoonavena sylvatica

Alpine Swift 27 Apus melba

Asian Palm-Swift 28 Cypsiurus balasiensis

Southern Coucal 12 Centropus sinensis parroti

House Swift 29 Apus nipalensis

Greater Coucal 12 Centropus sinensis

Asian Koel 30 Eudynamys scolopaceus

Sirkeer Malkoha 3 Taccocua leschenaultii

Green-billed Malkoha 18 Phaenicophaeus tristis

Pied Cuckoo 31 Clamator jacobinus

Banded Bay Cuckoo 29 Cacomantis sonneratii

Common Hawk-Cuckoo 32 Hierococcyx varius

Plaintive Cuckoo 33 Cacomantis merulinus

Square-tailed Drongo-Cuckoo 18 Surniculus lugubris

Grey-bellied Cuckoo 34 Cacomantis passerinus

Large Hawk-Cuckoo 35 Hierococcyx sparverioides

Indian Cuckoo 29 Cuculus micropterus

Common Cuckoo 36 Cuculus canorus

Ruddy-breasted Crake 37 Zapornia fusca

Gray-headed Swamphen 38 Porphyrio poliocephalus

Brown Crake 39 Zapornia akool

White-breasted Waterhen 40 Amaurornis phoenicurus

Asian Openbill 41 Anastomus oscitans

Common Moorhen 42 Gallinula chloropus

Yellow Bittern 43 Ixobrychus sinensis

Cinnamon Bittern 44 Ixobrychus cinnamomeus

Purple Heron 45 Ardea purpurea

Grey Heron 46 Ardea cinerea

Black-crowned Night-Heron 47 Nycticorax nycticorax

Black Bittern 48 Ixobrychus flavicollis

Indian Pond-Heron 49 Ardeola grayii

Great Egret 50 Ardea alba

Cattle Egret 51 Bubulcus ibis

Striated Heron 52 Butorides striata

Intermediate Egret 53 Ardea intermedia

Little Egret 54 Egretta garzetta

Red-naped Ibis 24 Pseudibis papillosa

Red-naped Ibis 24 Pseudibis papillosa

Glossy Ibis 55 Plegadis falcinellus

Black-headed Ibis 18 Threskiornis melanocephalus

Great Cormorant 56 Phalacrocorax carbo

Oriental Darter 57 Anhinga melanogaster

Little Cormorant 3 Microcarbo niger

Indian Cormorant 58 Phalacrocorax fuscicollis

Yellow-wattled Lapwing 3 Vanellus malabaricus

Red-wattled Lapwing 3 Vanellus indicus

Pacific Golden-Plover 59 Pluvialis fulva

Common Snipe 60 Gallinago gallinago

Little Stint 61 Calidris minuta

Greater Painted-Snipe 62 Rostratula benghalensis

Pin-tailed Snipe 49 Gallinago stenura

Barred Buttonquail 63 Turnix suscitator

Indian Peafowl ¹
Pavo cristatus

Common Quail ²
Coturnix coturnix

Lesser Whistling-Duck ³
Dendrocygna javanica

Jungle Bush-Quail ⁴
Perdicula asiatica

Grey Francolin ⁵
Ortygornis pondicerianus

Blue-breasted Quail ⁶
Synoicus chinensis

Rain Quail ⁷
Coturnix coromandelica

Red Junglefowl ⁸
Gallus gallus

Rock Bush-Quail ⁹
Perdicula argoondah

Painted Bush-Quail ¹⁰
Perdicula erythrorhyncha

Eurasian Collared-Dove ¹¹
Streptopelia decaocto

Red Spurfowl ¹²
Galloperdix spadicea

Little Grebe ¹³
Tachybaptus ruficollis

Rock Pigeon ¹⁴
Columba livia

Oriental Turtle Dove ¹⁵
Streptopelia orientalis

Spotted Dove ¹⁶
Streptopelia chinensis

Laughing Dove ¹⁷
Streptopelia senegalensis

Asian Emerald Dove ¹⁸
Chalcophaps indica

Red Turtle Dove ¹⁹
Streptopelia tranquebarica

Orange-breasted Green-Pigeon ²⁰
Treron bicinctus

Yellow-footed Green Pigeon ²¹
Treron phoenicopterus

Jerdon's Nightjar ²²
Caprimulgus atripennis

Jungle Nightjar ³
Caprimulgus indicus

Large-tailed Nightjar ²³
Caprimulgus macrurus

Indian Nightjar ²⁴
Caprimulgus asiaticus

Savanna Nightjar ³
Caprimulgus affinis

Crested Treeswift ²⁵
Hemiprocne coronata

White-rumped Needletail ²⁶
Zoonavena sylvatica

Alpine Swift ²⁷
Apus melba

Asian Palm-Swift ²⁸
Cypsiurus balasiensis

Southern Coucal ¹²
Centropus sinensis parroti

House Swift ²⁹
Apus nipalensis

Greater Coucal ¹²
Centropus sinensis

Asian Koel ³⁰
Eudynamys scolopaceus

Sirkeer Malkoha ³
Taccocua leschenaultii

Green-billed Malkoha ¹⁸
Phaenicophaeus tristis

Pied Cuckoo ³¹
Clamator jacobinus

Banded Bay Cuckoo ²⁹
Cacomantis sonneratii

Common Hawk-Cuckoo ³²
Hierococcyx varius

Plaintive Cuckoo ³³
Cacomantis merulinus

Square-tailed Drongo-Cuckoo ¹⁸
Surniculus lugubris

Grey-bellied Cuckoo ³⁴
Cacomantis passerinus

Large Hawk-Cuckoo ³⁵
Hierococcyx sparverioides

Indian Cuckoo ²⁹
Cuculus micropterus

Common Cuckoo ³⁶
Cuculus canorus

Ruddy-breasted Crake ³⁷
Zapornia fusca

Gray-headed Swamphen ³⁸
Porphyrio poliocephalus

Brown Crake ³⁹
Zapornia akool

White-breasted Waterhen ⁴⁰
Amaurornis phoenicurus

Asian Openbill ⁴¹
Anastomus oscitans

Common Moorhen ⁴²
Gallinula chloropus

Yellow Bittern ⁴³
Ixobrychus sinensis

Cinnamon Bittern ⁴⁴
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus

Purple Heron ⁴⁵
Ardea purpurea

Grey Heron ⁴⁶
Ardea cinerea

Black-crowned Night-Heron ⁴⁷
Nycticorax nycticorax

Black Bittern ⁴⁸
Ixobrychus flavicollis

Indian Pond-Heron ⁴⁹
Ardeola grayii

Great Egret ⁵⁰
Ardea alba

Cattle Egret ⁵¹
Bubulcus ibis

Striated Heron ⁵²
Butorides striata

Intermediate Egret ⁵³
Ardea intermedia

Little Egret ⁵⁴
Egretta garzetta

Red-naped Ibis ²⁴
Pseudibis papillosa

Red-naped Ibis ²⁴
Pseudibis papillosa

Glossy Ibis ⁵⁵
Plegadis falcinellus

Black-headed Ibis ¹⁸
Threskiornis melanocephalus

Great Cormorant ⁵⁶
Phalacrocorax carbo

Oriental Darter ⁵⁷
Anhinga melanogaster

Little Cormorant ³
Microcarbo niger

Indian Cormorant ⁵⁸
Phalacrocorax fuscicollis

Yellow-wattled Lapwing ³
Vanellus malabaricus

Red-wattled Lapwing ³
Vanellus indicus

Pacific Golden-Plover ⁵⁹
Pluvialis fulva

Common Snipe ⁶⁰
Gallinago gallinago

Little Stint ⁶¹
Calidris minuta

Greater Painted-Snipe ⁶²
Rostratula benghalensis

Pin-tailed Snipe ⁴⁹
Gallinago stenura

Barred Buttonquail ⁶³
Turnix suscitator

Common Buttonquail ⁵²
Turnix sylvaticus