Flora Singapore List G

The Asam Geluger tree grows to a height of more than 20 m and has a long trunk, smooth grey bark and drooping branches. The leaves are dark green, shiny, long and narrow with a pointed tip and upturned edges. The flowers are dark red. The round fruits are borne singly on twig ends about 7–10 cm in diameter. The ripe fruits are bright orange yellow, which are sliced, dried and used in curries or stewed in plenty of sugar to be eaten. less ↑

Trees are up to 12 m tall. Bark is smooth, and dark brown in color; blaze white.

Leaves simple, opposite, decussate; petiole 0.6-1.5 cm long, canaliculate, sheathing at base, glabrous; lamina 6.5-15 x 3.5-8 cm, usually elliptic, sometimes narrow obovate, apex acute to acuminate, base attenuate; coriaceous or subcoriaceous, glabrous; secondary_nerves 6-8 pairs; tertiary_nerves obscure.

Flowers show inflorescence and are dioecious; male flowers in fascicles, axillary; female flowers larger than male, solitary, axillary. less ↑

Shrubs to trees to 10 m tall, monoecious, glabrous except for puberulent abaxial leaf surface and fruits; branches 1-1.5 mm thick. Petiole 3-5 mm; leaf blade elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, or obliquely ovate, 6-14 × 3-7 cm, papery to leathery, abaxially gray-white and puberulent to glabrous, adaxially green, base acute-obtuse to rounded, apex shortly acuminate to obtuse. Flowers in axillary, many-flowered, unisexual or bisexual clusters. Male flowers: pedicels ca. 5 mm; sepals 6, elliptic, ca. 2 mm; stamens 3, connate into a cylindrical column. Female flowers: pedicels 2-3 mm, or subsessile; sepals 6, ovate, outer ones 0.9-2.3 × 0.6-1.2 mm, inner ones 0.9-1.8 × 0.5-1.1 mm; ovary ovoid, 6-locular; style column cylindric or subconical, apex truncate, as long as ovary. Fruiting pedicels 1.5-5 mm; capsules depressed globose, 5-6 × 10-18 mm in diam., reddish, 6-grooved, puberulent. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Aug-Dec. less ↑

Annual, prostrate or subprostrate to erect, up to 90 cm tall, pubescent to glabrescent herb. Leaves opposite, sessile or with 1-5 mm long petiole; lamina narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-10(-15) cm long, 1-2(2.5) cm broad, sparsely appressed hairy on both sides, rounded or cordate at the base, entire, acute; stipules ovate, 2-3 mm long, acuminate. Flowers yellowish, in dense axillary fascicles. Calyx in male flowers deeply 5-lobed, lobes c. 3 mm long, acuminate, incurved, sparsely ciliate; in female shallowly 4-lobed. Stamens 5, c. 2.5 mm long, antisepalous. Achenes c. 1.5 mm long, enclosed by persistent ribbed calyx. less ↑

"Scandent shrubs. Leaves to 8 x 4 cm, ovate-oblong, acute, subcordate at base, midrib with 4 lateral nerves, thickly stellate-hairy on nerves; petiole 5-7 mm long. Peduncle 10 mm long, 3-flowered; pedicel 10 mm long, hairy; sepals 25 x 4 mm, 3-ridged; petals 8 x 4 mm, emarginate at apex, gland 4 x 3 mm, thick, with brownish tomentose margins; gynandrophore 8 mm long, tomentose; filaments 9 mm long, style 10 mm long; stigma 4-lobed. Drupe 12 mm across, globose." less ↑

Shrubs, climbing, 1-3(-10) m tall, usually with spines and minute yellowish brown hairs on young shoots. Petiole 0.5-4.5 cm; leaf blade ovate to obovate, 3-5(-9) X 2.2-3 (-8.5) cm, papery, abaxially dark brown villous and glandular, adaxially glabrescent, base cuneate, margin entire or ca. 3-5-lobed, apex acuminate, veins 3 or 4 pairs. Inflorescences terminal, usually pendulous, few to many flowered; primary floral branches very short, 1-5-flowered; bracts leaflike, small to large. Flowers pendulous. Calyx 3-6 2.5-4 mm, outside densely dark brown pubescent and with 2 to several disc-shaped glands, inside glabrous. Corolla yellow, 2-5 cm, 2-lipped and 4-lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, upper lip entire, outside with scattered appressed hairs, inside with dense glandular hairs. Filaments with dense glandular hairs. Ovary 4-locular, glabrous. Style slender, hardly exserted, apically curved; stigma unequally 2-cleft. Drupes yellow, ovoid to obovoid, glabrous. less ↑

Lianas to 2 m. Branchlets tawny-brown, lenticellate, slightly pubescent. Petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade oblong or elliptic, 3-5.5 × 1.5-2.5 cm, papery, glabrous, base rounded or broadly cuneate, apex rounded, apiculate. Cymes apparently axillary, subsessile, congested, ca. 2 cm wide, to 7-flowered, glabrous. Pedicel 5-10 mm. Sepals ovate, ca. 2 × 1 mm, basal glands 5-10. Corolla yellow-green; tube 6-9 mm; lobes ovate, ca. 7 × 5 mm, obtuse. Corona lobes ovate, apex apiculate. Pollen carriers short cylindric, erect. Ovaries glabrous. Follicles dark brown, 8-12 cm × 5-6 mm. Seeds tawny-brown, oblong, ca. 7 × 2 mm; coma ca. 2 cm. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Sep-Jan. less ↑

Shrubs 1-2 m tall, few stemmed. Young stems and inflorescences pubescent. Petiole ca. 1 cm; leaf blade narrowly lanceolate, 5-l0 × 0.6-1.5 cm, adaxially sparsely pubescent, abaxially hairy along midvein, both ends tapering or acute. Peduncle 2-4.5 cm, short hairy. Pedicel 1.5-2.5 cm. Sepals lanceolate. Corolla white, 1.4-2 cm in diam.; lobes ovate, 8-10 mm, reflexed, margin densely bearded. Corona lobes white, inner margin of hoodlike apex with 2, short, recurved or straight cusps, with a large adaxial nectary. Follicles obliquely ovoid to subglobose, 6-8 × 2.5-5 cm, base oblique, apex rounded, beakless; pericarp with soft bristles or spines, minutely tomentose when young, glabrescent when ripe. Seeds ovate, ca. 5 mm; coma shining white, ca. 5 mm. 2n = 22. less ↑

Gardenia jasminoides, (common gardenia, cape jasmine or cape jessamine) is an evergreen flowering plant of the family Rubiaceae. It originated in Asia and is most commonly found growing wild in Vietnam, Southern China, Taiwan, Japan, Myanmar and India. With its shiny green leaves and heavily fragrant white summer flowers, it is widely used in gardens in warm temperate and subtropical climates, and as a houseplant in temperate regions. It has been in cultivation in China for... less ↑

Guettarda speciosa, colloquially called beach gardenia, or zebra wood, is a species of shrub in the family Rubiaceae found in coastal habitats in tropical areas around the Pacific Ocean, including the coastline of central and northern Queensland and Northern Territory in Australia, and Pacific Islands, including Micronesia, French Polynesia and Fiji, Malaysia and Indonesia and the east coast of Africa. It reaches 6 m in height, has fragrant white flowers, and large green prominently-veined leaves. It... less ↑

Prostrate creeping herb, rooting at the nodes. Stems 20-30 cm long, densely appressed hairy; flowering shoots, ascending up to c. 7.5 cm high. Leaves up to c. 3.5 × 5.5 cm, kidney-shaped with a broadly rounded apex, hairless above, hairless or pubescent beneath; petiole up to 11.5 cm long. Flowers usually solitary, rarely 2 together, white. Fruit a berry, 5-12 mm in diameter, glossy orange-red when ripe, crowned with the remains of the calyx lobes. less ↑

Gynura bicolor, hongfeng cai 紅鳳菜, okinawan spinach or edible gynura, is a member of the chrysanthemum family (Asteraceae). There are two kinds: one that is green on both sides, and another with leaves that are green on the top and purple underneath. Both kinds are considered medicinal vegetables. Gynura bicolor is a perennial and therefore found for sale throughout the year; however, winter and spring is the best time. less ↑

Gymnostoma sumatranum and the other members of this family are characterized by drooping equisetoid (meaning "to look like Equisetum") twigs, are evergreen, and monoecious or dioecious. The roots have nitrogen-fixing nodules. The foliage of this tropical angiosperm tree looks like that of gymnosperm pine trees which typically grow in temperate climates. Casuarina equisetifolia (the most well-known member of Casuarinaceae) is typified by its equisetoid appearance, whilst G. sumatranum is characterised more by its multiple rounded umbrella-shaped... less ↑

Gmelina arborea, (in English Beechwood, Gmelina, Goomar teak, Kashmir tree, Malay beechwood, White teak, Vemane ), locally known as Gamhar, is a fast growing deciduous tree, occurring naturally throughout greater part of India at altitudes up to 1,500 meters. It also occurs naturally in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, and in southern provinces of China, and has been planted extensively in Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Malaysia, and on experimental basis in other countries as well. It is... less ↑

A moderate to large sized, scandent, spinose shrub with lenticellate sterns. Leaves rhomboid-elliptic, 5-7.5 cm long, 3-4 cm broad, entire or slightly lobed, glabrous, glaucous, glandular beneath; petiole 2-2.5 cm long. Cymes terminal, paniculately arranged in the axils of foliaceous, petaloid bracts; bracts broadly ovate, 2-2.5 cm long, nearly as broad, mucronate, membranous. Flowers yellow. Corolla-tube curiously inflated upwards, glabrous outside. Drupe obovoid, c. 1.2 cm long. less ↑

The purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), colloquially known simply as mangosteen, is a tropical evergreen tree believed to have originated in the Sunda Islands and the Moluccas of Indonesia. It grows mainly in Southeast Asia, and also in tropical South American countries such as Colombia, in the state of Kerala in India and in Puerto Rico, where the tree has been introduced. The tree grows from 6 to 25 m (20–82 ft) tall. The fruit of the mangosteen... less ↑

Trees 8-10 m tall, 15-45 cm in diam. Bark gray-brown. Branches numerous, slender, decussate, horizontal but usually ± distally pendulous, twigs distinctly angled. Petiole robust, V-shaped and somewhat clasping at base, 1.5-2.5 cm, angled and transversely wrinkled when dry, those of terminal 1 or 2 pairs on branchlet usually rose-colored; leaf blade shiny, elliptic or oblong to oblong-lanceolate, (14-)20-34 × (4-)6-12 cm, thickly leathery, midvein robust, raised on both surfaces; veins dense, to 35-40 pairs, near margin arching and anastomosing; tertiary veins and veinlets conspicuous, base ± broadly cuneate, margin involute, apex acute to obtuse, rarely acuminate. Corymbose cyme (2-)5-10(-14)-flowered, arising from leafless axils; peduncle 6-12 mm. Pedicels 1.8-3 cm. Flowers 5-merous, only female observed. Sepals and petals 3 large and 2 small, apparently ciliate. Staminode fascicles 5, ca. 3 mm, complanate, united below, upper parts free, each fascicle with 2-5 staminodes; fasciclodes 5, square, ca. 1 mm, strongly rugose. Ovary globose, usually 5-loculed; style short, ca. 1 mm; stigma peltate, apex concave, (3-)5-cleft. Mature berry yellow, globose or ovoid, sometimes oblique, 3-5 cm in diam., smooth or sometimes with orbicular lenticels, apiculate, sepals and staminal bundles usually persistent. Seeds 1-4, oblong or ovoid; testa brown, smooth. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 72, 80, 96. less ↑

Shrubs or treelets, 2-6 m tall; branches terete, gray, lenticellate; branchlets angular, glabrous or sparsely pubescent when young. Stipules triangular, ca. 1 mm; petiole 1.5-4 mm; leaf blade ovate, elliptic, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, 5-13 × 2-4.5 cm, papery to submembranous, glabrous or only nerves puberulent on both surfaces, base acute to obtuse, inequilateral; lateral veins 5 or 6 pairs. Flowers in axillary glomerules, sessile, with linear bracts at base. Male flowers: pedicels 3-4 mm, slender, glabrous; sepals 6, ovate or oblong, ca. 2 mm, glabrous or sometimes sparsely pubescent at base inside; stamens 3, connate. Female flowers: pedicels very short or sessile; sepals 6, ovate-triangular, ca. 2 mm, glabrous on both surfaces; ovary ovoid, 3-4 mm, 3-5-locular, pubescent; style column conical, 1-3.5 mm, sometimes 3-fid at apex, glabrous. Capsules depressed globose, 3.5-4 × 6-10 mm, pubescent, 3-5-grooved. Fl. and fr. almost throughout year. less ↑

Galphimia gracilis, a species in the genus Galphimia of the family Malpighiaceae, is native to eastern Mexico. It is widely cultivated in warm regions throughout the world, often under the common names gold shower or shower-of-gold or sometimes thryallis. In horticultural publications, in the nursery trade, and on websites, this species is commonly but mistakenly referred to as Galphimia glauca, Galphimia brasiliensis, Thryallis glauca, Thryallis gracilis, or (often in South America) Thryallis brasiliensis. less ↑

Grevillea banksii, known by various common names including Red silky oak, Dwarf silky oak, Banks' grevillea, Byfield waratah and, in Hawaii, Kahili flower or Kahili tree is a plant of the large genus Grevillea in the diverse family Proteaceae. Native to Queensland, it has been a popular garden plant for many years though has been superseded somewhat horticulturally by smaller and more floriferous hybrids. A white-flowered form G. banksii fo. albiflora is known as white silky... less ↑

Guzmania lingulata or scarlet star is a species of flowering plant in the bromeliad family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Tillandsioideae, native to rainforest habitats in Central America, northern South America and the West Indies. It is an evergreen epiphytic perennial. The Latin word lingulata means "tongue-shaped". Foliage grows in a star-shaped basal rosette which culminates in an orange and red bracted inflorescence. It is among the most commonly cultivated bromeliad types, with cultivars producing flowers in shades of... less ↑

Gloriosa superba is a species of flowering plant in the family Colchicaceae. English language common names include flame lily, climbing lily, creeping lily, glory lily,gloriosa lily, tiger claw, and fire lily. Names in other languages include kalihari (Hindi),lis de Malabar (French), aranha de emposse (Portuguese), mkalamu (Swahili),klänglilja (Swedish),riri (Māori), and jia lan (Chinese). It is native to much of Africa and Asia, but it is known worldwide as an ornamental plant, a medicine, a poison, and... less ↑

Pseudostems 60--100 cm, base expanded. Leaves subsessile; ligule and mouth of leaf sheath ciliate; leaf blade oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 12--20 × 4--5 cm, glabrous or hairy along veins on both surfaces, base acute, apex caudate. Inflorescence a thyrse, 15--20 cm; bracts caducous; bracteoles ca. 2 mm. Flowers yellow, with orange, glandular spots. Calyx turbinate, 4--5 mm. Corolla tube 1--1.5 cm; lobes reflexed, ca. 5 mm. Lateral staminodes lanceolate, equaling corolla lobes. Labellum reflexed, obcuneate, ca. 7 mm, apex 2-cleft. Filament 1--1.2 cm; anther ca. 4 mm, without appendages. Capsule ellipsoid, ca. 1 cm in diam., smooth. Fl. Jun--Sep. 2 n = 24*. less ↑

Ganoderma is a genus of polypore mushrooms which grow on wood, and include about 80 species, many from tropical regions. Because of their extensive use in traditional Asian medicines, and their potential in bioremediation, they are a very important genus economically. Ganoderma can be differentiated from other polypores because they have a double walled basidiospore. They are popularly referred to as shelf mushrooms or bracket fungi. less ↑

The lingzhi mushroom or reishi mushroom (traditional Chinese: 靈芝; pinyin: língzhī; Japanese: reishi; Vietnamese: linh chi; literally: "supernatural mushroom") encompasses several fungal species of the genus Ganoderma, and most commonly refers to the closely related species, Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma tsugae and Ganoderma sichuanense. G. sichuanense enjoys special veneration in East Asia, where it has been used as a medicinal mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2,000 years, making it one of the oldest mushrooms... less ↑