Oregon Caves National Monument Butterfly Guide 🦋

Wingspan: 34–44 mm (1.3–1.7 in)
Host plants: Violet
Overwintering stage: four-stage caterpillar
Mate-Location system: patrolling
Flight: May-August

Conservation: Populations in California's Santa Cruz Mountains are limited and may be in jeopardy
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery less ↑

Wingspan: 1 5/8 - 2 3/4 inches (4.2 - 7 cm)
Host Plants: snapdragon (Antirrhinum), toadflax (Linaria), plantains (Plantago), and ruellia (Ruellia nodiflora).
Overwintering stage: Caterpillars and adults, but only in the south
Mate-Location system: perching, sometimes patrolling
Flight: Two to three broods from May-October

Conservation: Not required
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery. less ↑

Wingspan: 1 1/8 - 1 1/2 inches (3 - 3.8 cm)
Host Plants: Native thistles (Cirsium), milk thistle (Silybum marianum), and European thistles (Carduus)
Overwintering stage: partially-grown caterpillars
Mate-Location system: patrolling or perching
Flight: Two broods in the north from April-September, several in the south from February-November

Conservation: Not usually required
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery less ↑

Wingspan: 1 - 1 3/4 inches (2.5 - 4.5 cm)
Host Plants: Asters (Family Asteraceae), Fleabanes (Erigeron spp.)
Overwintering stage: partially-grown caterpillars
Mate-Location system: patrolling
Flight: June-August

Conservation: Not usually required
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery less ↑

Wingspan: 2 - 2 5/8 inches (5.1 - 6.7 cm)
Host Plants: wild cherry (Prunus), willows (Salix), poplar and cottonwood (Populus), and orchard trees
Overwintering stage: partially-grown caterpillars
Mate-Location system: perching
Flight: April-October

Conservation: Not usually required
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery less ↑

Wingspan: 1 3/4 - 2 3/8 inches (4.5 - 6 cm)
Host Plants: violets (Family Violaceae), yellow montane violet (V. nuttallii), early blue violet (V. adunca)
Overwintering stage: first-stage caterpillars
Mate-Location system: patrolling
Flight: late June-August

Conservation: Not usually of concern but subspecies tehachapina has a very small range and could be devastated by a single event
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery
Speyeria egleis tehachapina --> T3 - Very rare or local throughout its range or found locally in a restricted range (21 to 100 occurrences). less ↑

Wingspan: 2 - 2 7/8 inches (5.1 - 7.3 cm)
Host Plants: thistles (Cirsium spp.), mallows (Family Malvaceae), peas (Family Fabaceae)
Overwintering stage: adults
Mate-Location system: perching and patrolling
Flight: May-October

Conservation: Not required
NCGR: G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery less ↑

Wingspan: 2 - 2 1/2 inches (5 - 6.4 cm)
Host Plants: Yellow montane violet (Viola nuttallii)
Overwintering stage: first-stage caterpillars
Mate-Location system: perching and patrolling
Flight: May-August

Conservation: Subspecies callippe in California/San Francisco Bay Area is threatened with extinction
NCGR: Speyeria callippe callippe --> T1 - Critically imperiled because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences, or very few remaining individuals), or because of some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable to extinction less ↑

Wingspan: 1 3/4 - 3 inches (4.5 - 7.6 cm)
Host plants: Purpletop (Tridens flavus) and other grasses
Overwintering stage: Caterpillars hatch but do not feed, instead hibernating until spring.
Mate-Location system: patrolling
Flight: One brood from late May-October. Females emerge later than males

Source: https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Cercyonis-pegala less ↑