Sampled Red List Index Flora of Peru

Often found on steep slopes in upper montane cloud forests up to 2,900 m but it has been recorded as low as 1,000 m in Peru. In Venezuela it occurs in upper montane elfin forest and scrub where the most frequent associated tree species include: Clusia multiflora, Weinmannia spp. (Parks Watch Venezuela 2003). In Colombia it occurs between 1,800-2,200 m where in some locations it is co-dominant with Oreopanax floribundum, Clusia alata, Toxicodendron striatum and Tibouchinia sp; it can also occur with Podocarpus oleifolius (García 2007).