Vascular Plants of Vermont
All vascular plants known to occur in Vermont
Wild Lupine
Lupinus perennis (also Indian beet, Old maid's bonnets, Blue Lupine, and Sundial lupine) is a medicinal plant in the Fabaceae family. It is widespread in the eastern part of the USA (from Florida to Maine), Canada (south of Ontario), and on the coasts of the Arctic Ocean, where it grows on sand hills.
Cup Plant
Silphium perfoliatum (cup plant) is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family, native to eastern and central North America. It is an erect herbaceous perennial with triangular toothed leaves, and daisy-like yellow composite flower heads in summer.
Frogbit
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, frogbit, is a flowering plant belonging to the genus Hydrocharis in the family Hydrocharitaceae. In North America, it is referred to as common frogbit or European frog's-bit to distinguish it from the related American Frogbit (Limnobium spongia).
Virginia Waterleaf
The Virginia Waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginianum, often misspelled as virginicum) is an herbaceous perennial plant native to Eastern North America. The plant sometimes spreads by rhizomes to form large colonies in wooded areas. It can also spread by seeds. The seedling usually appear early to mid-spring. Flowers are blue, white, or purple, appearing in mid to late ...more ↓
early meadow-rue
Thalictrum dioicum (early meadow-rue or quicksilver-weed) is a species of herbaceous plants in the family Ranunculaceae. Plants are typically upright growing woodland natives from central and eastern North America including parts of south eastern Canada. This species has dioecious plants, with male and female flowers on separate plants blooming in early to mid ...more ↓
foxglove beardtongue
Penstemon digitalis (foxglove beard-tongue or talus slope penstemon) is a plant in the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. The flowers are white and are borne in summer. It is native to eastern Canada and eastern and southeastern United States.
Blackberry
Rubus allegheniensis is a species of bramble, known as Allegheny blackberry and simply as common blackberry. Like other blackberries, it is a species of flowering plant in the rose family. It is very common in eastern North America, with isolated populations also found in the Central United States, California, and British Columbia.
Bog Myrtle
Myrica gale is a species of flowering plant in the genus Myrica, native to northern and western Europe and parts of northern North America. It is a deciduous shrub growing to 1–2 m tall. Common names include Bog Myrtle and Sweet Gale. The leaves are spirally arranged, simple, 2–5 cm long, oblanceolate with a tapered base and broader tip, and a crinkled or ...more ↓
swamp rose
Rosa palustris (swamp rose) is a shrub in the rose family native to much of eastern North America. It can be found from Nova Scotia and New Brunswick in the north, south to Florida and west to Arkansas and Ontario.
swamp aster
Symphyotrichum puniceum (formerly Aster puniceus), commonly known as Purplestem Aster, Red-stemmed Aster or Swamp Aster, is an herbaceous perennial native to eastern North America. It also has several names that are now obsolete, such as Early Purple Aster and Meadow Scabish.
White Turtlehead
Chelone glabra (white turtlehead) is a plant in the family Plantaginaceae (the plantain family).
tuberous grasspink
Calopogon tuberosus, the tuberous grasspink, is an orchid native to eastern North America. In the United States it occurs from as far southwest as Texas and Oklahoma and southeast to the Florida Everglades to as far northeast as Maine and as far northwest as Minnesota. In Canada it is found in the provinces of Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec. It also is found in Cuba and ...more ↓
whorled loosestrife
Lysimachia quadrifolia (whorled loosestrife, whorled yellow loosestrife, crosswort) is a species of herbaceous plant in the family Myrsinaceae. It native to the eastern United States and Canada.
woolly blue violet
Viola sororia, known commonly as the Common Blue Violet, is a stemless herbaceous perennial plant that is native to eastern North America. It is known by a number of common names including; Common Meadow Violet, Purple Violet, Woolly Blue Violet, Hooded Violet and Wood Violet.
downy yellow violet
Viola pubescens, often called Downy yellow violet, is a plants species of the genus Viola. It is found in dry mixed and deciduous woodland areas of the United States and Canada; from Minnesota and Ontario to Nova Scotia, South to Virginia. It grows 6 to 10 inches tall and is a stemmed viola with stems that have leaves, it blooms from April through May.
great rhododendron
Rhododendron maximum — its common names include great rhododendron, great laurel, rosebay rhododendron, American rhododendron and big rhododendron — is a species of Rhododendron native to the Appalachians of eastern North America, from Nova Scotia south to northern Alabama.
giant goldenrod
Solidago gigantea is a plant species in the genus Solidago. Its common name is giant goldenrod.
Trailing Arbutus
Epigaea repens – known as mayflower or trailing arbutus – is a low, spreading shrub in the Ericaceae family. It is found from Newfoundland to Florida, west to Kentucky and the Northwest Territories.
golden alexanders
Zizia aurea (Golden Alexanders, Golden zizia) is a flowering perennial forb of the carrot family (Apiaceae). Golden Alexanders is hardy in USDA zones 4-9. It can be found from New Brunswick to Saskatchewan in Canada, south to Florida and Texas in the United States.
Rugosa Rose
Rosa rugosa (rugosa rose, Japanese rose, or Ramanas rose) is a species of rose native to eastern Asia, in northeastern China, Japan, Korea and southeastern Siberia, where it grows on the coast, often on sand dunes. It should not be confused with Rosa multiflora, which is also known as "Japanese rose".
Partridgeberry
Mitchella repens, or partridge berry, or Squaw Vine, is the best known plant in the genus Mitchella. It is a creeping prostrate herbaceous woody shrub, occurring in North America and Japan, and belonging to the madder family (Rubiaceae).
woodland sunflower
Helianthus divaricatus, commonly known as the woodland sunflower or rough woodland sunflower, is a perennial herb in the composite family. It is native to eastern North America, from Ontario and Quebec in the north, south to Florida and west to Oklahoma and Iowa.
Dragon Arum
Arisaema dracontium (Dragon-root, Green dragon) is a herbaceous perennial plant in the genus Arisaema and the family Araceae. It is native to North America from Quebec to Minnesota South to Florida and Texas, where it is found growing in damp woods. Plants grow 20–50 centimetres (7.9–20 in) tall when in bloom and after flowering reach 100 centimetres ...more ↓
Blue Ridge blueberry
Vaccinium pallidum is a species of flowering plant in the heath family known by the common names hillside blueberry, Blue Ridge blueberry, late lowbush blueberry, and early lowbush blueberry. It is native to eastern North America, including Ontario and much of the eastern United States as far west as Kansas and Oklahoma.
Blue Cohosh
Caulophyllum thalictroides, blue cohosh a species of Caulophyllum (family Berberidaceae), also called squaw root or papoose root, is a flowering plant in the Berberidaceae (barberry) family. It is a medium-tall perennial with blue berry-like fruits and bluish-green foliage.
Roseroot
Rhodiola rosea (commonly golden root, rose root, roseroot, Aaron's rod, arctic root, king's crown, lignum rhodium, orpin rose) is a plant in the Crassulaceae family that grows in cold regions of the world. These include much of the Arctic, the mountains of Central Asia, scattered in eastern North America from Baffin ...more ↓
queen of the prairie
Filipendula rubra, also known as Queen-of-the-prairie, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae native to shady and moist habitats throughout northeastern and central USA. The plant can grow in either sunlight of part shady regions. The plant can grow in the shade if the soil is not always kept moist, the shade helps keep the soil from drying out from direct ...more ↓
Apple-pie
Epilobium hirsutum is a flowering plant belonging to the willowherb genus Epilobium in the family Onagraceae. It is commonly known as the great willowherb, great hairy willowherb or hairy willowherb. Local names include codlins-and-cream, apple-pie and cherry-pie.
Lowbush Blueberry
Vaccinium angustifolium, commonly known as the Lowbush Blueberry, is a species of blueberry native to eastern and central Canada and the northeastern United States, growing as far south as West Virginia and west to the Great Lakes region, Minnesota and Manitoba....
Prickly Gooseberry
Ribes cynosbati is a shrub native to eastern North America, with several common names including Prickly Gooseberry, Eastern Prickly Gooseberry, Dogberry, Dog Bramble, and Groseillier des Chiens (in Québec). It grows in rich forests, rocky slopes, and open heaths from New Brunswick to Georgia to North Dakota to Ontario and Québec.
jacob's ladder
Polemonium vanbruntiae is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common names Appalachian Jacob's ladder and Vanbrunt's polemonium. It is native to eastern Canada and the northeastern United States.
Obedient Plant
Physostegia virginiana (obedient plant, obedience, or false dragonhead) is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It is native to North America, where it is distributed from eastern Canada to northern Mexico.Physostegia are known commonly as obedient plants because a flower pushed to one side will often stay in that position. The ...more ↓
wild bergamot
Wild bergamot or bee balm (Monarda fistulosa) is a wildflower in the mint family (Lamiaceae) widespread and abundant as a native plant in much of North America. This plant, with showy summer-blooming white flowers, is often used as a honey plant, medicinal plant, and garden ornamental. The species is quite variable, and several subspecies or varieties have been recognized ...more ↓
Creeping Bellflower
Campanula rapunculoides, known by the common names creeping bellflower or rampion bellflower, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Campanula, belonging to the family Campanulaceae.
Solomon's seal
Polygonatum biflorum (smooth Solomon's-seal, great Solomon's-seal, Solomon's seal). The plant is said to possess scars on the leaf stalk that resemble the ancient Hebrew seal of King Solomon. This is a species of the genus Polygonatum native to eastern and central North America. It is often confused with Solomon's Plume which has upright flowers.
Leafcup
Polymnia canadensis, commonly known as whiteflower leafcup, is a flowering plant native to eastern North America from Ontario south to Alabama and from Kansas east to Vermont and Connecticut. It is considered endangered in the latter two states.
Hog Peanut
Amphicarpaea bracteata (hog-peanut) is an annual to perennial vine in the legume family, native to woodland, thickets, and moist slopes in eastern North America.
golden ragwort
Packera aurea (formerly Senecio aureus), commonly known as golden ragwort or simply ragwort, is a perennial flower in the family Asteraceae. It is also known as life root, squaw weed, golden Senecio, ragwort, uncum root, waw weed, uncum, false valerian, cough weed, female regulator, cocash weed, ragweed, staggerwort, and St. James wort.
American ginseng
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is a herbaceous perennial plant in the ivy family, commonly used as Chinese or herbal medicine.
Mountain Maple
Acer spicatum (mountain maple) is a species of maple native to northeastern North America from Saskatchewan to Newfoundland, and south to Pennsylvania. It also grows at high elevations in the southern Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia.
microstegium
Microstegium is a genus of plants in the tribe Andropogoneae. Microstegium vimineum is an invasive species from this genus.
Japanese stiltgrass
Microstegium vimineum, commonly known as Japanese stiltgrass or Nepalese browntop, is an annual grass that is common in a wide variety of habitats and is well adapted to low light levels.
Green-headed Coneflower
Rudbeckia laciniata is a species of flowering plant in the sunflower/daisy family Asteraceae, native to eastern North America, most often found in flood plains and moist soils.
Winged Euonymus
Euonymus alatus, known variously as winged spindle, winged euonymus or burning bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae, native to central and northern China, Japan, and Korea.
bur-cucumber
Sicyos angulatus, the burr cucumber or star-cucumber is an annual vine in the cucumber family native to eastern North America.
Garden Phlox
Phlox paniculata (garden phlox or perennial phlox) is a species of flowering plant in the family Polemoniaceae, native to the eastern United States, but extensively cultivated as an ornamental plant.
spotted Joe-Pye weed
Eutrochium maculatum (spotted Joe-Pye weed) is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to North America, ranging from Missouri east to the Atlantic Ocean and as far north as Ontario and Quebec, south to Kentucky.
New England aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) G L Nesom. (formerly Aster novae-angliae L.), commonly known as the New England Aster or Michaelmas Daisy, is a flowering herbaceous perennial plant in the Asteraceae family. It is native to almost every area in North America east of the Rocky Mountains, but excluding the far north of Canada as well as some of the southern ...more ↓
CLEOCC
Clematis occidentalis is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common name western blue virginsbower. It is native to much of southern Canada and the northern United States. There are three varieties: var. occidentalis is limited to the eastern half of the species' range, var. grosseserrata to the western half, and var. ...more ↓
broadleaf toothwort
Cardamine diphylla (Broadleaf toothwort, Crinkle root, Crinkle-root, Crinkleroot, Pepper root, Twin-leaved Toothwort, Twoleaf toothwort, Toothwort; syn. Dentaria diphylla Michx., Dentaria incisa Small) is a plant is native to North America.
Wild Rice
Wild rice (also called Canada rice, Indian rice, and water oats) are four species of grasses forming the genus Zizania, and the grain which can be harvested from them. The grain was historically gathered and eaten in both North America and China. While it is now a delicacy in North America, the grain is eaten less in China,:165 where the plant's stem ...more ↓
SCIANC
Scirpus ancistrochaetus is a rare species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common name northeastern bulrush. It is native to the northeastern United States from New Hampshire south to Virginia. It used to be found in Quebec but it is now thought to be extirpated there. It was also believed extirpated from the state of New York, but at least one ...more ↓
goldenseal
Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), also called orangeroot or yellow puccoon, is a perennial herb in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to southeastern Canada and the northeastern United States. It may be distinguished by its thick, yellow knotted rootstock. The stem is purplish and hairy above ground and yellow below ground where it connects to the ...more ↓
Bog lobelia
Lobelia kalmii is a species of flowering plant with a distribution primarily across Canada and the northern United States in temperate and boreal regions. It was formerly known as Lobelia strictiflora (Rydb.) Lunell and has a variety of English names including Kalm's lobelia, Ontario lobelia and Brook lobelia.
Three-leaf Solomon’s-seal
Maianthemum trifolium (syn. Smilacina trifolia, Three-leaf Solomon’s-seal, three-leaf Solomon’s-plume, smilacine trifoliée) is a species of flowering plant that is native to Canada and the northeastern United States, from Yukon and British Columbia east to Newfoundland and south to Delaware.
common boneset
Eupatorium perfoliatum or (Common) Boneset is a common perennial plant native to the Eastern United States and Canada, with a range from Nova Scotia to Florida, as well as from Louisiana and Texas through North Dakota. It is also called "agueweed", "feverwort" or "sweating-plant". It was introduced to American colonists by Indians who used the plant for breaking fevers by ...more ↓
White Snakeroot
Ageratina altissima, also known as white snakeroot,richweed,white sanicle, or tall boneset, is a poisonous perennial herb in the family Asteraceae, native to eastern North America. An older binomial name for this species was Eupatorium rugosum, but the genus Eupatorium has undergone taxonomic revision by botanists and a number of the ...more ↓
broad-leaved goldenrod
Solidago flexicaulis (broad-leaved goldenrod, zigzag goldenrod; Solidago latifolia L.) is an herbaceous perennial plant of the family Asteraceae native to the United States. It is often grown as a wildflower.
Princess Tree
Paulownia tomentosa (common names empress tree, princess tree or foxglove tree) is a deciduous tree in the family Paulowniaceae, native to central and western China, but invasive in the USA.
Wood nettle
Laportea canadensis, commonly called Canada nettle or wood-nettle, is an annual or perennial herbaceous plant of the nettle family Urticaceae, native to eastern and central North America. It is found growing in open woods with moist rich soils and along streams and in drainages.
American fly honeysuckle
Lonicera canadensis (American/Canadian fly honeysuckle) is a flowering deciduous, perennial, phanerophytic shrub which is monoclinous and grows 1–2 m tall. It is the only member of its genus with hairless leaf structures. It typically flowers from the last week of April until the third or fourth week of May. Fruit appears approximately the first week of June until the first week ...more ↓
black cohosh
Actaea racemosa (black cohosh, black bugbane, black snakeroot, fairy candle; syn. Cimicifuga racemosa) is a species of flowering plant of the family Ranunculaceae. It is native to eastern North America from the extreme south of Ontario to central Georgia, and west to Missouri and Arkansas. It grows in a variety of woodland habitats, and is ...more ↓
Groundnut
Apios americana, sometimes called the potato bean, hopniss, Indian potato or groundnut (but not to be confused with other plants sometimes known by the name groundnut) is a perennial vine native to eastern North America, and bears edible beans and large edible tubers. It grows to 3–4 m long, with pinnate leaves 8–15 cm long with 5–7 leaflets. The ...more ↓
lyre-leaved rock cress
Arabidopsis lyrata is a species of flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, closely related to the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana.
American Spikenard
Aralia racemosa (American spikenard, Life-of-man, Petty morel) is an ornamental plant in the Araliaceae family native to the United States and Canada. It is a herbaceous plant, about one to two meters tall, which grows in shady areas. Its native range includes most of the eastern United States.
Wild Sarsaparilla
Aralia nudicaulis (commonly Wild Sarsaparilla,False sarsaparilla, Shot bush, Small Spikenard, Wild Liquorice, and Rabbit Root) is a flowering plant of northern and eastern North America which reaches a height of 30–60 cm (12–24 in) with creeping underground stems.
Wild Rosemary
Andromeda polifolia, common name bog rosemary, is a species of flowering plant native to northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere. It is the only member of the genus Andromeda, and is only found in bogs in cold peat-accumulating areas.
agueweed
Gentianella quinquefolia (agueweed, ague weed, five-flowered gentian, stiff gentian) is a medicinal plant.
River Bank Grape
Vitis riparia Michx, also commonly known as River Bank Grape or Frost Grape, is a native American climbing or trailing vine, widely distributed from Quebec to Texas, and Montana to New England. It is long-lived and capable of reaching into the upper canopy of the tallest trees. It produces dark fruit that are appealing to both birds and people, and has been used ...more ↓
bluestem goldenrod
Solidago caesia, commonly named blue-stemmed goldenrod or wreath goldenrod, is a flowering plant in North America. It is present in the eastern United States to eastern Canada and south-central United States. Key identification features include a dark, wiry stem and flowers in the axils with a larger terminal bloom. Prefers dry soils and full sun, but moderately ...more ↓
Nodding Ladies' Tresses
Spiranthes cernua, commonly called the nodding ladies'-tresses, is a species of orchid occurring from Eastern Canada to the central and eastern United States.
bottle gentian
Gentiana clausa (Bottle Gentian) is a 1'-2' tall flowering plant in the Gentianaceae family. It is native to Eastern North American moist meadows and woods at higher elevations, from Quebec in the north, through the Appalachian range to North Carolina and Tennessee in the south. It has paired, lanceolate leaves, usually on unbranched stalks, and blue blooms which remain ...more ↓
Hairy wood mint
Blephilia hirsuta is an herbaceous perennial of the mint family Lamiaceae native to eastern North America. It is commonly called hairy wood mint or hairy pagoda plant.
Sweet-fern
Comptonia is a monotypic genus (containing only Comptonia peregrina) in the family Myricaceae, order Fagales. It is native to eastern North America, from southern Quebec south to the extreme north of Georgia, and west to Minnesota. The common name is Sweetfern or Sweet-fern, a confusing name as it is not a fern.
Common Butterwort
Pinguicula vulgaris, the Common butterwort, is a perennial carnivorous plant in the Lentibulariaceae family. It grows to a height of 3–16 cm, and is topped with a purple, and occasionally white, flower that is 15 mm or longer, and shaped like a funnel. This butterwort grows in damp environs such as bogs and swamps, in low or subalpine elevations. It has a generally ...more ↓
Carex plantaginea
Carex plantaginea is a perennial herb of the sedge family with the common name seersucker sedge or plaintainleaf sedge, which grows up to 0.9 metres (2 ft 11 in) tall. It grows in meadows and woods from Maine to Georgia.
big bluestem
Andropogon gerardii, known commonly as big bluestem, turkeyfoot,tall bluestem, and bluejoint, is a tall grass (family Poaceae) native to much of the Great Plains and prairie regions of central North America.
little bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium, commonly known as little bluestem or beard grass, is a North American prairie grass. Little bluestem is a perennial bunchgrass and is prominent in tallgrass prairie, along with big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii), indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). It is a warm-season species, meaning it ...more ↓
Water Chestnut
The Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis; synonyms E. equisetina, E. indica, E. plantaginea, E. plantaginoides, E. tuberosa, E. tumida), more often called simply the water chestnut, is a grass-like sedge grown for its edible corms. The water chestnut is actually not a nut at all, but an aquatic vegetable that grows in ...more ↓
dwarf ginseng
Panax trifolius, commonly called Dwarf Ginseng, is plant native to the Northeastern and Appalachian regions of North America. It is found in low mesic woods with acidic soils.
Putty root
Aplectrum hyemale is a species of orchid in the (family Orchidaceae) and the sole species of the genus Aplectrum. The generic name comes from Greek and signifies "spurless". The species is commonly referred to as Adam and Eve or putty root, the latter refers to the mucilaginous fluid which can be removed from the tubers when they are crushed.
