Windsor County, Vermont

Xylaria hypoxylon is an inedible species of fungus in the genus Xylaria. It is known by a variety of common names, such as the candlestick fungus, the candlesnuff fungus, carbon antlers, or the stag's horn fungus. The fruit bodies, characterized by erect, elongated black branches with whitened tips, typically grow in clusters on decaying hardwood. The fungus can cause a root rot in hawthorn and gooseberry plants. less ↑

Xylaria polymorpha, commonly known as dead man's fingers, is a plant pathogen. It is a common inhabitant of forest and woodland areas, usually growing from the bases of rotting or injured tree stumps and decaying wood. It has also been known to colonise substrates like woody legume pods, petioles, and herbaceous stems. It is characterized by its elongated upright, clavate, or strap-like stromata poking up through the ground, much like fingers. The genus Xylaria contains about... less ↑

Gyromitra esculenta ( /ˌdʒaɪrɵˈmaɪtrə ˌɛskjʉˈlɛntə/), one of several species of fungi known as false morels, is an ascomycete fungus from the genus Gyromitra, widely distributed across Europe and North America. It normally sprouts in sandy soils under coniferous trees in spring and early summer. The fruiting body, or mushroom, is an irregular brain-shaped cap dark brown in colour which can reach 10 cm (4 in) high and 15 cm (6 in) wide, perched on a stout white stipe up to 6 cm... less ↑

Flavoparmelia caperata or common greenshield lichen (from Lichens of North America) is a medium to large foliose lichen that has a very distinctive pale yellow green upper cortex when dry. The rounded lobes, measuring 3–8 mm (0.1–0.3 in) wide, usually have patches of granular soredia arising from pustules. The lobes of the thallus may be smooth, but quite often have a wrinkled appearance especially in older specimens. The lower surface is black except for a brown... less ↑

Evernia is a bushy lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Two species, Oakmoss Evernia prunastri, and Treemoss Evernia furfuracea are used as a fixative agent in cologne within the perfume industry. It is green on top and white on bottom, and divides evenly into "forks." Not to be confused with Ramalina, which is green on top and bottom and divides unevenly. Evernia is an abundant genus, found growing on trees. less ↑