Photo 13104557, (c) Robin Gwen Agarwal, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), uploaded by Robin Gwen Agarwal

Attribution © Robin Gwen Agarwal
some rights reserved
Uploaded by anudibranchmom anudibranchmom
Source iNaturalist
Associated observations

Photos / Sounds

Observer

anudibranchmom

Date

January 2018

Description

One, in almost two hours of ridiculously persistent searching after finding first egg spiral.

This is the so-far undescribed species as per Goddard and Green 2013, Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 112(2):49-62

From Jeff Goddard:

"Cumanotus sp.
Following Behrens (1991), Goddard (2004) referred to this species, which feeds on Ectopleura crocea (Agassiz, 1862) in bays and harbors, as Cumanotus fernaldi Thompson & Brown, 1984. However, as pointed out by S. Millen personal communication to JG, 8 Jan 2012), Thompson and Brown (1984) in their brief description of C. fernaldi were referring to the larger, soft-sediment dwelling species studied by Hurst (1967) that is ecologically and morphologically similar to the north Atlantic C. beaumonti (Eliot, 1906). Hurst (1967) used the name C. beaumonti for her specimens from Washington and reported that they laid corkscrew shaped egg masses with 4–14 eggs per egg capsule. Cumanotus sp. consistently has one egg per capsule (Goddard 1992; present study, Table 2), is ecologically and morphologically similar to the north Atlantic C. cuenoti Pruvot-Fol, 1948, and is undescribed (S. Millen, personal communication to JG, 8 Jan 2012). It is pictured as C. fernaldi in Behrens and Hermosillo (2005, species number 244), but that name actually applies to species number 245 in Behrens and Hermosillo (2005) (S. Millen, personal communication to JG, 8 Jan 2012).
Unaware that two species of Cumanotus exist in the northeast Pacific Ocean, Goddard (2004, Table 1) lumped development data for both species. The complete and correct breakdown is as follows. Based on Hurst (1967), C. fernaldi (as C. beaumonti) deposits corkscrew-shaped egg masses with 4–14 eggs per capsule that hatch after 10 days at 8–11 C with type 1 shells averaging 119 mm long. Based on Goddard (1992, 2011b) and the present study, Cumanotus sp. also deposits corkscrew-shaped egg masses, but with one egg (averaging 73 mm in diameter) per capsule, hatching after 9–10 days at 12–16 C with type 1 shells averaging 130 mm long."

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