Flora of Africa's Journal

August 7, 2023

Making Meaningful Identifications

There are lots of users going through and just identifying plants as "Plants" (Plantae and Tracheophyta). That is hardly useful, and does not really contribute anything of value to the identification process. It would be better to leave them as unidentified until someone knowledgeable put then in a useful bin - ideally Family or lower.

However that does not mean that they cannot be meaningfully identified.

There are three major areas where you can assist in moving these token identifications to a more useful identification.

Trees

Trees are easy to identify as trees, and then a lot harder to ID further.
However, the ID of "Tree" is extremely useful as fewer than 10% of our plant species in Africa are trees, and there are specialists, enthusiasts and locals who know their trees better than any other plants. And their are field guides to trees, which assists in further identification.

The easiest way to facilitate this, is to add a tree observation to a "Tree Project"
We do have one for southern Africa, which despite its name, has no geographical restriction. Although based on our field guides, it would perhaps be best to keep it to southern Africa, and create a new one for our other floral regions. On the other hand, it is so easy to filter by region, should we rather not just use this single project or all our African trees?
Let us try the latter route: if it gets unwieldy, we can create more tree projects (or if you would prefer to do so anyway, please do so and tell us).

The project to add is
https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/trees-of-southern-africa-id
you need to first join it, and then you can add it to any observation (except those users who restrict adding projects to their observations)

So instead of just putting a meaningless ID of "Plant" onto an observation of what is clearly a tree, please add a tree project (you can add the higher ID too if you want, but it is purely superfluous as the tree enthusiasts will almost certainly use the project first).
Here are some trees, that have been identified as trees, but not linked to any project.
(Unfortunately, the curation tool is not project friendly, and you will need to pop out the observation to add a project. (a way around this is to add a comment and later filter for comments and add the project).
These are identified as trees by the AI. Not all are trees, but most are. They have not yet been put into the Trees project.

Note that there is a tree project for southern Africa, based on identified trees. You may find it useful:
https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/trees-of-southern-africa-list
Details are here: https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/trees-of-southern-africa-list/journal/73560-welcome

Lichens

Please remember to identify Lichens as Lecanoromycetes (= Lichens) rather than simply is Fungi.
Yes, not all Lichens are in this group, but almost all of them are: so the specialists will reidentify in those few cases.

Observations with more detailed suggestions that can be easily checked

The AI has provided identifications for these observations to a level below their current ID on iNaturalist. Not all these IDs are correct, but most should be able to be taken to a further level - to where specialists can access them:
(only groups with more than 20 observations are listed)
[a million thanks to @jeanphilippeb - a pity iNaturalist cannot automate this identification to some degree - all the below are thanks to Jean-Philippe]

DICOTS 8,600 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?verifiable=any&project_id=155123&lrank=superclass&place_id=97392

Mimosoideae 700 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=153478&lrank=epifamily

Euphorbiaceae 420 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&verifiable=any&project_id=154662&lrank=epifamily&place_id=97392
Fabaceae 410 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&verifiable=any&project_id=153483&place_id=97392&lrank=epifamily

MONOCOTS 390 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=155291&lrank=superclass
Lamiales 380 observationshttps://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154691&lrank=epifamily
Poaceae 360 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=155163&lrank=epifamily
Polypodiales some fern knowledge required - 330 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154719&lrank=superorder

Crassulaceae 280 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=152123&lrank=epifamily
Asparagoidea 260 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&verifiable=any&project_id=155236&place_id=97392&lrank=epifamily
Combretaceae 200 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?verifiable=any&lrank=epifamily&place_id=any&place_id=97392&project_id=154650
Sapindales 200 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154622&lrank=epifamily

Agavoideae 160 observations https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=any%2C97392&verifiable=any&project_id=153934&lrank=epifamily
Anthospermae 100 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=any%2C97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154840&lrank=family
Hibisceae 100 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154654&lrank=epifamily
Tetragonia100 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=any%2C97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154978&lrank=epifamily

Rutaceae 80 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154620&lrank=epifamily
Campanuloideae 75 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=any%2C97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154992&lrank=epifamily
Vitaceae 66 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=155089&lrank=epifamily

Iridaceae 46 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?captive=any&lrank=epifamily&place_id=97392&project_id=155226&verifiable=any
Eucalypteae 45 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154646&lrank=epifamily
Mimoseae 42 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=153488&lrank=epifamily
Alismatales 40 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=155290&lrank=epifamily

Rosaceae 35 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154627&lrank=epifamily
Pedeliaceae 34 observations https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=any%2C97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154807&lrank=epifamily
Urticaceae 32 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?captive=any&lrank=epifamily&place_id=97392&project_id=154623&verifiable=any
Myricaceae 30 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&verifiable=any&project_id=154874&lrank=epifamily&place_id=97392

Scrophulariaceae 24 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=any&place_id=any%2C97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154671&lrank=epifamily
Malvales 22 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?verifiable=any&lrank=superfamily&place_id=97392&project_id=154658
Bombacoideae 20 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&place_id=97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154656&lrank=epifamily
Loganaceae 19 observations: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=any&place_id=any%2C97392&verifiable=any&project_id=154847&lrank=epifamily

Posted on August 7, 2023 08:17 AM by tonyrebelo tonyrebelo | 35 comments | Leave a comment

August 1, 2023

Identification Status of Plant Families in Africa

Status of Plant families in Africa on 1 August 2023

Acanthuses Acanthaceae : 15,899 RG (64%), 9,232 NeedsID
Vygies Aizoaceae : 35,861 RG (53%), 30,531 NeedsID
Amaranths Amaranthaceae : 6,723 RG (45%), 8,096 NeedsID
Karees Anacardiaceae : 18,006 RG (60%), 12,022 NeedsID
Carrots Apiaceae : 11,491 RG (68%), 5,872 NeedsID
Dogbanes Apocynaceae : 31,808 RG (78%), 9,156 NeedsID
Daisies - Asteraceae : 152,916 RG (43%), 136,882 NeedsID

Borages Boraginaceae : 10,830 RG (63%), 6,390 NeedsID
Mustards Brassicaceae : 10,401 RG (69%), 4,709 NeedsID
Blacktips Bruniaceae : 6,051 RG (60%), 3,679 NeedsID
Bellflowers Campanulaceae : 17,371 RG (55%), 13,799 NeedsID
Staffvines Celastraceae : 10,938 RG (74%), 3,816 NeedsID
Bindweeds Convolvulaceae : 8,740 RG (59%), 6,000 NeedsID
Stonecrops Crassulaceae : 38,405 RG (76%), 12,289 NeedsID
Gourds Cucurbitaceae : 3,075 RG (48%), 3,191 NeedsID

Ebonies Ebenaceae : 7,360 RG (58%), 5,295 NeedsID
Heaths Ericaceae : 53,833 RG (71%), 21,062 NeedsID
Spurges Euphorbiaceae : 26,145 RG (70%), 10,616 NeedsID
Peas Fabaceae : 112,972 RG (62%), 68,259 NeedsID
Pelargoniums Geraniaceae: 33,597 RG (76%), 7,671 NeedsID
Mints Lamiaceae : 25,079 RG (68%), 11,940 NeedsID
Mallows Malvaceae : 22,527 RG (50%), 22,676 NeedsID
Figs Moraceae : 4,879 RG (49%), 5,090 NeedsID

Olives Oleaceae : 4,940 RG (58%), 3,613 NeedsID
Proteas Proteaceae : 93,438 RG (94%), 4,005 NeedsID
Roses Rosaceae : 10,520 RG (52%), 8,770 NeedsID
Madders Rubiaceae : 15,032 RG (50%), 14,836 NeedsID
Buchus Rutaceae : 10,550 RG (46%), 12,288 NeedsID
Figworts Scrophulariaceae : 19,859 RG (60%), 23,161 NeedsID
Tomatoes Solanaceae : 18,454 RG (67%), 8,980 NeedsID
Stringbarks Thymelaeaceae : 12,737 RG (57%), 9,636 NeedsID

Amaryllids Amaryllidaceae : 22,823 RG (79%), 6,592 NeedsID
Palms Arecaceae : 5,315 RG (23%), 34,236 NeedsID
Asparagases Asparagaceae : 36,176 RG (55%), 29,588 NeedsID
Spiderworts Commelinaceae : 4,582 RG (53%), 3,909 NeedsID
Sedges Cyperaceae : 14,425 RG (52%), 12,900 NeedsID
Stargrasses Hypoxidaceae : 5,160 RG (50%), 5,084 NeedsID

Irises Iridaceae : 67,275 RG (67%), 34,236 NeedsID
Orchids Orchidaceae : 42,768 RG (83%), 8,637 NeedsID
Grasses - Poaceae : 27,569 RG (43%), 36,980 NeedsID
Capereeds - Restionaceae : 7,905 RG (32%), 16,695 NeedsID

Posted on August 1, 2023 12:23 PM by tonyrebelo tonyrebelo | 3 comments | Leave a comment

Status of Plant Identifications on iNaturalist in Africa

Status of Plants on iNaturalist on 1 August 2023 for Africa (continent)
Regular updates in comments

2,617,355 observations by 39,713 observers

36,693 species with 4,058,239 identifications by 11,029 identifiers

Taxonomic Rank of IDs

• No ID at all: 46,550 observations (2%) Help ID the Unknowns here
(yes, some of these are not plants, but most are).

• 121,566 Above Order (5%) - Help ID them below Order here
• 7,335 Above Family (0.2%) - Help ID them to Family or lower here
• 109,740 at Family level (4%) - Help ID them to Genus or species here
• 385,300 at Generic level (15%) - Help ID them to species here

• 416,106 identified to species, but not yet confirmed (16%) - Help confirm the IDs here
• 1,434,189 Research Grade species IDs (55%) - Review IDs here
&
• 143,172 Cultivated Records at species level (5%) - Help ID cultivated observations here

Top Species (over 3000 observations)

7971 Vachellia karroo Sweetthorn
7836 Osteospermum moniliferum Bietou

5250 Leucadendron salignum Common Sunshine Conebush
5240 Lantana camara Lantana
5084 Protea repens Common Sugarbush
5001 Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle

4524 Protea cynaroides King Protea
4245 Solanum mauritianum Bugweed

3867 Carpobrotus edulis Edible Sourfig
3859 Acacia saligna Port Jackson Wattle
3775 Erica plukenetii Hangertjies
3615 Zantedeschia aethiopica Common Arum
3613 Pelargonium capitatum Common Storksbill

3519 Opuntia ficus-indica Prickly Pear Cactus
3462 Aloe ferox Cape Aloe
3449 Calotropis procera Giant Milkweed
3376 Pteridium aquilinum Common Bracken
3325 Cotyledon orbiculata Pig Ears
3219 Oxalis pes-caprae Goatfoot Sorrel

3199 Olea europaea Olive
3178 Pelargonium cucullatum Hooded Storksbill
3164 Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain
3060 Oxalis purpurea Purple Sorrel
3038 Leucadendron xanthoconus Sickleleaf Conebush

Top Observers (over 10,000 observations)

1 tonyrebelo 180,473
2 craigpeter 78,365
3 nicky 30,563
4 daverichardson 26,398
5 dhoare 22,613
6 botaneek 21,726
7 troos 21,335
8 sandraf 19,164
9 shauns 16,533
10 vynbos 14,644

11 steven_molteno 14,361
12 linkie 13,934
13 kyle_campbell1 13,771
14 petrabroddle 13,525
15 felix_riegel 13,471
16 outramps-tanniedi 13,452
17 erickmunro 12,005
18 graham_g 11,887
19 vitorjcj 11,836
20 ydnewp2 11,756

21 jeremygilmore 11,298
22 hhodgson 10,840
23 mr_fab 10,585
24 carinalochner 10,213

Top Species Observers (over 2000 species)

1 botaneek 8,232
2 tonyrebelo 7,262
3 nicky 4,216
4 mr_fab 4,122
5 troos 4,110
6 felix_riegel 3,930
7 sandraf 3,243
8 dhoare 3,069
9 warrenmcc 2,912
10 vynbos 2,763

11 linkie 2,754
12 craigpeter 2,698
13 knysna_wildflowers 2,562
14 rob_palmer 2,493
15 bartwursten 2,449
16 ish_crew 2,442
17 graham_g 2,429
18 gerhardmalan 2,275
19 jeremygilmore 2,128
20 drmckenzie 2,112

21 shauns 2,100
22 lucstrydom 2,098
23 outramps-tanniedi 2,079
24 marcoschmidtffm 2,072
25 erickmunro 2,047
26 andrew_hankey 2,023
27 gigilaidler 2,017

Top Identifiers (over 20,000 identifications)

1 tonyrebelo 179,637
2 jeremygilmore 164,971
3 alanhorstmann 159,068
4 sedgesrock 149,022
5 dianastuder 66,517
6 james_deacon 62,473
7 mr_fab 58,718
8 kenneth_oberlander 57,663
9 rion_c 49,030
10 venturefoth 41,837

11 cmerry 36,773
12 botaneek 36,736
13 charles_stirton 36,266
14 miwi2020 35,941
15 steven_molteno 35,311
16 robertarcher397 33,587
17 pieterwinter 31,971
18 sandraf 28,124
19 malthinus 27,668
20 andrew_hankey 23,311

21 outramps-tanniedi 23,303
22 damionjp 23,277
23 erickmunro 23,097
24 davidrabehevitra 22,527
25 adriaan_grobler 22,342
26 maremimar 21,743
27 troos 21,147
28 abounabat 20,925
29 marcoschmidtffm 20,325

Posted on August 1, 2023 10:36 AM by tonyrebelo tonyrebelo | 10 comments | Leave a comment

Mission Impossible - Identifying unidentified Plants in Africa

The iNaturalist Identifier's challenge for August is all the unidentified plants in Africa.

Full details if you are interested can be found here:
https://forum.inaturalist.org/t/mission-impossible-identify-plantae-in-africa/43528

There is a project - https://www.inaturalist.org/projects/mission-impossible-identify-plantae-in-africa - that can be used to hold any training materials or example observations in support of identifying Plants in Africa by beginners. Add any observation with a solid id discussion and advice, or an observation where you need ID mentoring or advice?

More posts will follow shortly, but basically, the focus is:

ALL USERS! - please help

SPECIALISTS

If you dont have time to play with Unknowns or wade through miscellaneous unidentified plants, then you can help in two ways.

  1. - please clear your groups: Use this to help identify species that need ID -
    and add your family or genus in the Species Box.
    https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=casual%2Cneeds_id&iconic_taxa=Plantae&place_id=97392&verifiable=any
    [&
    2.- if you wish to review observations already identified at "Research Grade" - then please use this but this is not really part of the challenge, but it needs to be done at some time:
    https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=research&iconic_taxa=Plantae&place_id=97392&verifiable=any ]

If you encounter issues with the iNaturalist dictionary, please note that it follows POWO first and foremost. But POWO is bad for subspecific taxa, and - where needed - we deviate from POWO.
It is easiest to just add issues in the comments below and we will get curators onto it (but if you are familiar with naturalist, please just flag the relevant taxon).

NOTE: the ID-Curation Tool

.** Note that the ID curation tool is indispensable and greatly speeds up and manages your workflow. Dont even try and help out the challenge without using it. It is a real game changer., and you should be using it for all your curation.
See a 2 minute tutorial on using it here: https://vimeo.com/246153496

Posted on August 1, 2023 09:13 AM by tonyrebelo tonyrebelo | 13 comments | Leave a comment

February 13, 2018

Online Resources for Plant Identification in Africa

Just a short list, thought it would be useful to have it here, please add a comment if I missed anything!

WORLD
JSTOR Global Plants http://plants.jstor.org

AFRICA
African Plants - a photo guide http://www.africanplants.senckenberg.de
African Plant Database http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/recherche.php?langue=an

NORTH AFRICA / MACARONESIA
Plant Biodiversity of South-Western Morocco https://www.teline.fr/en
Plants of Southern Morocco http://plantsofsouthernmorocco.biota-africa.net/
Flore du Maroc http://www.floramaroccana.fr/
Sahara Nature http://www.sahara-nature.com/flore_sahara.php
Flora del Sahara http://www.florasilvestre.es/mediterranea/sahara1.htm
Flore du Maghreb http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/flore/html/index.html
Flora de Canarias http://www.floradecanarias.com/
Madeira Checklist http://www4.uma.pt/gbm/checklist/lista_flora.php
North Africa Trees https://www.northafricatrees.org/en/

WEST AFRICA
West African Plants - a photo guide http://www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de
FWTA eBook https://archive.org/details/FloraOfWestTropi00hutc
Fakara Plants http://www.jircas.affrc.go.jp/project/africa_dojo/FakaraPlants/Fakara_Plants_home.html
Les Poaceae du Niger http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-895415
Les Poaceae de Côte d'Ivoire http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-895418
Flore de la Côte d'Ivoire https://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=boi-001%3A2002%3A58#4, https://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=boi-001%3A2001%3A57#4
Flore analytique du Bénin https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/347966

CENTRAL AFRICA
Central African Plants - a photo guide http://www.centralafricanplants.senckenberg.de
Digital Flora of Central Africa http://www.br.fgov.be/RESEARCH/DATABASES/FOCA/index.php?la=fr/
Flore d’Afrique Centrale http://floreafriquecentrale.org/
Flore d'Afrique Centrale (pdfs) https://www.floredafriquecentrale.be/#/en/fac
Central African Orchid Database http://www.orchid-africa.net/
Copper Flora (Katanga) www.copperflora.org
Flore illustrée du Tchad https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334113080

NORTH EAST / EAST AFRICA
Kenya Trees, Shrubs and Lianas https://goo.gl/6YjeM5
East African Plants - a photo guide http://www.eastafricanplants.senckenberg.de
Kenya Natural History Guide http://www.ngkenya.com/flora/plants.html
Field guide to the moist forest trees of Tanzania https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344254354

SOUTH TROPICAL AFRICA
Flora of Zimbabwe https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw
Flora of Botswana https://www.botswanaflora.com/
Flora of Malawi https://www.malawiflora.com
Flora of Zambia https://www.zambiaflora.com/
Flora of Mozambique https://www.mozambiqueflora.com/
Flora Zambesiaca http://apps.kew.org/efloras/fz/intro.html
Plants of the Nyika Plateau
https://www.sanbi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/sabonet-report-no-31-plants-nyika-plateau-part-1.pdf
https://www.sanbi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/sabonet-report-no-31-plants-nyika-plateau-part-2.pdf
https://www.sanbi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/sabonet-report-no-31-plants-nyika-plateau-part-3.pdf
https://www.sanbi.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/sabonet-report-no-31-plants-nyika-plateau-part-4.pdf

SOUTHERN AFRICA
Photo Guide to Plants of Southern Africa http://www.southernafricanplants.net
PlantZAfrica http://pza.sanbi.org/
Red List of South African Plants http://redlist.sanbi.org/
CasaBio https://casabio.org/
Kyffhäuser Flora http://www.kyffhauser.co.za/flora.htm
Swaziland's Flora Database http://www.sntc.org.sz/flora/index.asp
Flora of Caprivi https://www.capriviflora.com/
Plants of Southern Africa http://newposa.sanbi.org/sanbi/flora
Alien Invasive Plants List for South Africa https://goo.gl/6qeUmN
Dendrological Society of South Africa http://www.dendro.co.za/
Botanical Society of South Africa http://www.botanicalsociety.org.za
Helichrysums of Southern Africa https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/helichrysum/key/Helichrysum/Media/Html/home.htm

WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN
Madagascar Catalogue http://www.tropicos.org/Project/Madagascar
Seychelles Plant Gallery http://seychellesplantgallery.com

Posted on February 13, 2018 05:00 PM by marcoschmidtffm marcoschmidtffm | 21 comments | Leave a comment

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