Taxonomy

Animalia Chordata Vertebrata Amphibia Anura Microhylidae Kaloula Kaloula rigida

Taxonomic notes: Section empty

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Geographic Range

This species is found in the mountains of the Central Cordilleras and Sierra Madres of northern Luzon Island, in the Philippines.

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Population

It is common wherever it is found but has a very localized distribution.

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Habitat

The primary habitats for this species are the lower montane and lowland forests, including streams and rivers. It is occasionally found in disturbed habitats adjacent to these forested areas.

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Threats

The most important threat to this species is the deforestation of lower montane and lowland forests in the Cordilleras, and the pollution of streams and rivers. The montane forests are either being converted to vegetable farms or are being developed into real estate.

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Specific Threats

  • 7.2.11 Dams (size unknown)
  • 9.3.2 Soil erosion, sedimentation
  • 2.1.1 Shifting agriculture
  • 5.3.5 Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
  • 9.2.3 Type Unknown/Unrecorded
  • 1.2 Commercial & industrial areas
  • 2.1.2 Small-holder farming
  • 2.3.3 Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming
  • 9.1.1 Sewage
  • 2.1.3 Agro-industry farming
  • 1.1 Housing & urban areas
  • 9.3.4 Type Unknown/Unrecorded

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Conservation Actions

The range of this species includes a few protected areas, such as Pulag National Park. There is a need for increased protection of the remaining tracts of intact lowland and montane rainforest in the Cordilleras.

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Specific Actions

  • 1.1 Site/area protection
  • 2.3 Habitat & natural process restoration
  • 2.1 Site/area management

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Red List Rationale

Listed as Vulnerable because its Extent of Occurrence is less than 20,000 km2, its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its forest habitat on Luzon in the Philippines.

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Bibliography

  • Alcala, A.C. and Brown, W.C. 1985. Philippine Amphibians: An Illustrated Field Guide. Bookmark Press, Makati City, Philippines.
  • Diesmos, A.C., Brown, R.M. and Alcala, A.C. 2002. A new species of narrow-mouthed frog (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae; Genus Kaloula) from the mountains of southern Luzon and Polillo Islands, Philippines. Copeia: 1037-1051.
  • Frost, D.R. 1985. Amphibian Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Allen Press and the Association of Systematic Collections, Lawrence, Kansas.
  • Inger, R.F. 1999. Distributions of amphibians in southern Asia and adjacent islands. In: W.E. Duellman (ed.), Patterns of Distribution of Amphibians: A Global Perspective, pp. 445-482. John Hopkins University Press.
  • Parker, H.W. 1934. A Monograph of the Frogs of the Family Microhylidae. Trustees of the British Museum London..

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