Proteaceae of southern Africa's Journal

Journal archives for April 2022

April 8, 2022

Please help manage our Proteas

Please help if you can. Proteas of southern Africa.

Identification Needed

The following observations need identification. They may need one of four options:
(1) Please confirm the identification (if it has been identified already)
(2) Please flag them as planted if they are (but please check that they have not escaped or rewilded)
(3) Please refine the identification (if needed):
(4) Please request additional information or pictures if an ID is not possible.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?place_id=113055&quality_grade=needs_id%2Cresearch&taxon_id=64517&lrank=subsection

Confirmation Needed

The following are identified but need confirmation or correction. Please either:
(1) confirm the ID
(2) review the ID and propose an alternative ID.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?place_id=113055&taxon_id=64517&hrank=species

Subspecies outstanding

iNaturalist does not handle subspecies and varieties well, and ID tools do not alert users to the fact that there are subspecies and varieties that need to be applied. Please help us review these.
Protea:
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?place_id=113055&quality_grade=needs_id%2Cresearch%2Ccasual&lrank=species&taxon_ids=442611,129721,428528,521002
Leucadendron:
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?place_id=113055&quality_grade=needs_id%2Cresearch%2Ccasual&lrank=species&taxon_ids=322651,589066,570584,568455,589071,563598
Other:
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?place_id=113055&quality_grade=needs_id%2Cresearch%2Ccasual&lrank=species&taxon_ids=119196,583692,320039,460165,589136,569228

Plants probably needing marking as planted

The following observations are probably planted. If they are, please mark them as so. These are mainly from Kirstenbosch and Garden Route National Parks.
But please only mark them as planted if you are certain.
https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/identify?quality_grade=needs_id,research&reviewed=any&verifiable=any&taxon_id=64517&hrank=genus&place_id=129550,122357

Posted on April 8, 2022 11:25 AM by tonyrebelo tonyrebelo | 5 comments | Leave a comment

April 9, 2022

Looking at Maps

Maps are a fun way of looking at distributions, and in may cases can be a good way of double-checking identifications and detecting new localities (and garden plants).
Over the next few months as we start cleaning up the identifications, we can start checking and exploring our localities.
There is no particular order, and it will depend on queries coming in.
Have fun.

Featherbushes Aulax
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=567148,577744,580852#9/-34/19

Wild Almond Brabejum
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=560519#8/-33/21

Silkypuffs Diastella
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=583689,119197,119195,566324,583690,583690,583691,571309,598697,598698#9/-34/19

Beechwoods Faurea
• s Afr:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=428367,192380,183411,585801,1033205,1033201#6/-25/27

Needlebushes Hakea
• s Afr:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=321137,363485,341634,321136#8/-32.939/22.539

Conebushes Leucadendron
Nutty Conebushes
• Arid Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589085,426196,705598,589048,186155#8/-32.711/20.969
• Crown Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589068,589067,589051,1114203,600072,563599,600074#9/-33.765/19.781
• Kouga & Uniflor Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589091,589092,570292,569785#9/-33.677/22.956
• Pineapple Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589057,570300,589100#9/-33.948/19.582
• Ridgeseed Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=450128,589088#10/-32.869/19.295
• Sandveld Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=322653,322652,589052,589054,589056,589062,567953,571303,589072,589094,589097#8/-32.579/21.374
• Silkyruff Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589078#10/-34.039/20.341
• Silver Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=186157,426201,589061,186154#8/-33.364/20.725
• Stigmatic Sunconebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589098,589047,589055,589079,589083,589099,589049#8/-34/22
• Western Sunconebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589090,589089,589086,589076,589074,589069,600076,600075,589059#8/-33.073/19.83
Wingseed Conebushes
• Brownbract Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589077#10/-34.103/19.487
• Deltaseed Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=570585,600083,568583,589087,589084,589082,589075,589073,467688,568482#7/-32.337/24.724
• Needleleaf Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=600071,600070,589070,570047,439616,589080,589081,589093,589096#8/-33.868/22.063
• Shale Sunshine Conebushes:
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=600077,600078,589095,563597#9/-34.01/19.739
• Spindly & Narrowleaf Sunshine Conebushes (exl Ld salignum):
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=426179,589065,589064,334672,589060,521000,320316#8/-33.082/19.289
• Broadleaf Sunshine Conebushes (excl Ld spissifolium):
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=439617,527596,560277,568586,589063,589058#8/-33.515/21.781
• Common Sunshine Conebush (Ld salignum):
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=5664788#8/-32.863/22.234
• Common Spearleaf Conebushes (Ld spissifolium):
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=568454,600082,600081,600080,600079#7/-32.732/24.109

Pincushions Leucospermum
• Cylindrical Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=553433,589132,589124,426218#6/-26.971/28.905
• Fireworks Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=418700,578526,589121,589120,589117,589115#7/-33.416/21.118
• Flat (Turban) Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589131,320045,589126,589119#9/-33.789/20.442
• Hook & Arid Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589122,589123,589133#9/-34.008/21.102
• Louse Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=460160,460162,570148,589128,589130,431227,567143,589139,533351#8/-32.981/21.487
• Sandveld Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=460166,460167,589127,322649,589135#8/-33.5/18.5
• Showy Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589138,600087,600086,431228,431229,320030,566330#8/-33.267/19.172
• Tree Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=320041,320040,460164,467679#8/-34.185/21.592
• Widetube Pincushions
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=589114,589116,589118,589125,320038,589129,589134,460168,589137#8/-33.444/21.087

Pagodas Mimetes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=571186,590024,590023,568483,590022,426238,119224,119216,532040,440714,429909,567829,440713#8/-34/22

Marsh Rose Orothamnus
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=566320#11/-34.2/19

Sceptres Paranomus
• Common Sceptres
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=591407,591406,1063484,591401,528596,591397,591396,591395,591394,591392#8/-33.5/20
• Cornflower Scepters
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=591400,591399,591398#9/-33.5/22.5
• Elongate Sceptres
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=591405,591404,591403,591402,566353,591393#8/-33.5/22.5

Sugarbushes Protea
Tropical & Highveld:
• Doll Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=637302,637343,596496,637350,596494,603679#6/-13.079/30.267
• Grassveld Sugarbushes (see also Shaving Brush)
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592540,637340,592529,592527,637301,637298,637373,592512,129723,637333,129722,1033651,600842,566289#5/-18.106/30.283
• Moorland Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=637305,637304,637330,637295#6/-16.183/29.718
• Mountain Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=428528,442613,442614,442615,507322,592537,596493#5/-9.059/19.494
• Savanna Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592547,637303,637335,637300,637352,568506,637296,637297,637327#4/-14.499/37.903
Cape:
• Beard Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592523,567828,568963,410762,568962,592520,418569,592514,567028,567832#8/-33.068/22.872
• Bishop Sugarbush
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=637393#11/-34.042/19.273
• Dwarf Tufted Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592539,574598,574546,592531,568133,568544#8/-33.095/20.69
• Eastern Ground Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592546,592544,592524,592517,592513
• King Sugarbush
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=132848#8/-33.695/22.607
• Penduline Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=571063,592542,592535,592530,592526#8/-32.479/19.804
• Rodent Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592505,567150,592511,592515,592541#9/-34/21
• Rose Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592548,566623,592532,569351,592508,129711#8/-32.922/20.809
• Shale Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592528,592525#10/-33.452/18.994
• Shaving Brush Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=567013,515952,592516,577926#8/-33.139/21.76
• Snow Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=592510,592522,592533,592538,567937#9/-33/21
• Spoonbract Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=565953,320042,515589,592521,1178113,467686,592534,592543,521001,600843#6/-31.119/23.511
• True Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=355849,431493,592507#8/-32.896/22.423
• Western Ground Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=129713,592506,592509,592519,592536#8/-32.969/19.111
• White Water Sugarbushes
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=600841,442612,592518,568942,431492,405256,592545#8/-33.022/22.736

Spiderheads Serrurria
Compound Heads
• Pin Spiderheads
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=594488,594486,594467,594465,574777,594451#9/-33.865/20.454
• Curly Spiderheads
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=594482,594481,594473,119205,594455,594452,594448,119258,734177#8/-33.358/19.264
• Stalked & Tulbagh Spiderheads
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=571183,594487,594469,594468,531638,594453,594446#8/-33.009/19.051
• Whipleaf Spiderheads
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=563590,594459,594456,594477#9/-34.398/19.261
Capitate Heads
• Stalkless Spiderheads
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=566080,594480,594472,594464,594449#8/-33.083/19.097
• Paw Spiderheads
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=733766,119260,119255,594447,571320,594457,594458,594460,563594,594462,594466,594475,594478,594483#8/-32.857/20.212
• Skirted Spiderheads
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=594485,594484,594479,594476,567827,594470,594463,717391,594461,734009,503953,594454,119259,733842#9/-34.029/19.185

Powerpuffs Sorocephalus
• Northern Powerpuffs
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=594613,594611,566352,594609#10/-33/19.2
• Southern Powerpuffs
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=566350,566351,594612,566354,1033012,566349#11/-34.17/19.4

Spoons Spatalla
• Triplespoons
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=594626,594633,594636,556803,594629,594635,594631#9/-33.238/20.949
• Unispoons (ples)
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=556798,556799,594634,594632#9/-33.941/20.295
• Unispoons (der)
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=594627,594628,566317,594630,556801,556797,556805,566323#9/-34.022/20.771

Vexators Vexatorella
https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/map?taxa=569227,596001,596002,601553,569229#8/-32/20

Posted on April 9, 2022 09:20 AM by tonyrebelo tonyrebelo | 3 comments | Leave a comment

April 15, 2022

Invoking the Artificial Intelligence

The AI tool on iNaturalist (where you place the cursor in the ID box and iNat tells you what the species is) is really useful. Alas the AI is only trained on observatoins with 100 verifiable observations.

So, as of the latest update (Apr 2022), the following species can be identified by the AI.

Aulax cancellata, pallasia, umbellata
Brabejum stellatifolium
Diastella divaricata, proteoides, thymelaeoides
Faurea rochetiana, saligna
Grevillea robusta
Hakea drupacea, gibbosa, salicifolia, sericea
Leucadendron arcuatum, argenteum, conicum, coniferum, elimense, eucalyptifolium, galpinii, gandogeri, glaberrimum, lanigerum, laureolum, levisanus, linifolium, meridianum, microcephalum, modestum, muirii, nitidum, platyspermum, pubescens, rubrum, salicifolium, salignum, sessile, spissifolium, strobilinum, teretifolium, tinctum, uliginosum, xanthoconus
Leucospermum calligerum, conocarpodendron, cordifolium, cuneiforme, gracile, heterophyllum, hypophyllocarpodendron, lineare, oleifolium, patersonii, pedunculatum, praecox, prostratum, reflexum, truncatulum, wittebergense
Mimetes cucullatus, fimbriifolius, hirtus, pauciflorus
Orothamnus (none)
Paranomus abrotanifolius, bolusii, bracteolaris, dispersus
Protea acaulos, amplexicaulis, aspera, aurea, burchellii, caffra, compacta, cordata, coronata, cynaroides, eximia, glabra, grandiceps, laevis, lanceolata, laurifolia, lepidocarpodendron, longifolia, lorifolia, magnifica, montana, mundii, neriifolia, nitida, obtusifolia, punctata, repens, roupelliae, scabra, scolopendriifolia, scolymocephala, scorzonerifolia, speciosa, subvestita, susannae, welwitschii
Serruria aemula, aitonii, ascendens, elongata, fasciflora, foeniculacea, glomerata, hirsuta, kraussii, pedunculata, phylicoides, rubricaulis, trilopha , villosa
Sorocephalus (none)
Spatalla curvifolia, racemosa
Vexatorella (none)

Note the three genera that have no species that qualify!
Note the AI does not do hybrids (which is a pity: one really needs help with some of the Protea cultivars), so Leucadendron laureolum × salignum which does qualify for inclusion, is not in the training.
Unfortunately, the AI does not do subspecies, so although we have good data for many of these, they are not included.

The following are "low-hanging" fruit, and it would be nice if we could include them in the next round of AI training next year. If you have easy access to these species or can organize field trips to them, then please prioritize them. They have 80-99 observations so we need on average 10 observations of them.

Diastella fraterna
Leucadendron album 98, corymbosum, dregei 88, laxum
Leucospermum bolusii, gueinzii 86, parile, rodolentum 96, truncatum
Mimetes argenteus 94, chrysanthus 99
Paranomus dregei
Protea nana, simplex 96, subulifolia, witzenbergiana 97
Serruria acrocarpa, brownii, decipiens, 'ludwigii'
Spatalla confusa

(April 2022: Updated 1 October 2022 - with numbers for those below 100)

These will need a far more concerted effort, but with more than 50 observations we should visit them more frequently! Please plan visits to see these: they are quite worth the visit.
But 50 more observations (double what we have) will be a tall task over the year, but some of them are quite doable if we visit areas in which they are common. If you are looking for exotic destinations, then why not explore these species?

Leucadendron brunioides, daphnoides, dubium, floridum, loranthifolium, macowanii 97, procerum, stellare, thymifolium, verticillatum
Leucospermum glabrum, grandiflorum, pluridens, tottum,.vestitum
Paranomus sceptrum-gustavianus
Protea acuminata, canaliculata, cryophila, effusa, gaguedi, lacticolor, lorea , piscina, recondita, rupicola, tenax, venusta
Serruria cyanoides, cygnea, florida 87, fucifolia, gremialis 91, inconspicua 89, nervosa
Sorocephalus lanatus
Spatalla mollis, parilis, setacea

(April 2022: Updated 1 October 2022 - strikeout those with over 100, and numbers for those approaching 100)

These species have 25-49 observations. Please look out for them, and if you are able to make trips into their ranges, please especially look out for them. Many are Red List species (or upcoming invasive aliens), so please make notes on threats and numbers seen:

Banksia ericifolia, integrifolia
Faurea macnaughtonii
Grevillea banksii
Leucadendron barkerae, chamelaea, cinereum, concavum, diemontianum, discolor, ericifolium, loeriense, meyerianum, nervosum, nobile, pondoense, pubibracteolatum, stelligerum
Leucospermum catherinae, , erubescens,, gerrardii, muirii, mundii, praemorsum, royenifolium, tomentosum
Mimetes capitulatus, hottentoticus, saxatilis, splendidus, stokoei
Orothamnus zeyheri
Paranomus lagopus, longicaulis, reflexus, roodebergensis, spicatus, tomentosus
Protea angustata, caespitosa, decurrens, denticulata, dracomontana, foliosa, humiflora, odorata, parvula, pudens, scabriuscula, stokoei, sulphurea, vogtsiae
Serruria bolusii, candicans, collina, decumbens, effusa, flagellifolia, furcellata, heterophylla, linearis, rosea, rostellaris, triternata
Spatalla barbigera, ericoides, incurva, squamata
Stenocarpus sinuatus
Telopea speciosissima
Vexatorella obtusata

All those that have only been recorded 6-25 times are worthy of extra notes and special visits. Why not spice up your next trip by trying to record these species:

Diastella buekii, myrtifolia, parilis
Faurea galpinii
Grevillea rosmarinifolia
Leucadendron burchellii, comosum, cordatum, coriaceum, crassulifolium, flexuosum, foedum, globosum, immoderatum, olens, orientale, radiatum, remotum, roodii, rourkei, sericeum, sheilae, singulare, sorocephalodes
Leucospermum cordatum, formosum, fulgens, harpagonatum, innovans, saxosum, spathulatum, utriculosum, winteri
Macadamia integrifolia
Mimetes arboreus, palustris
Paranomus adiantifolius, capitatus, centaureoides, esterhuyseniae, nova, spathulatus
Protea aristata, comptonii, convexa, holosericea, inopina, intonsa, laetans, mucronifolia, pendula, pityphylla, pruinosa, restionifolia, revoluta, rubropilosa
Serruria altiscapa, balanocephala, confragosa, deluvialis, dodii, flava, gracilis, incrassata, lacunosa, leipoldtii, meisneriana, millefolia, 'ontongskopense' , 'piketbergensis', pinnata, rebeloi, reflexa, scoparia, stellata, williamsii
Sorocephalus claviger, imbricatus, pinifolius
Spatalla caudata,longifolia, nubicola, propinqua
Vexatorella alpina, amoena

And lastly. The Super Rares. Please make a very special effort to try and visit these species over the coming year. These have all only been recorded 5 or fewer times.

Faurea recondita
Leucadendron bonum, cadens, cryptocephalum, gydoense, osbornei, tradouwense
Leucospermum arenarium, hamatum, profugum, saxatile, secundifolium
Paranomus candicans
Protea angolensis, curvata, humifusa, inyanganiensis, namaquana, nubigena
Serruria roxburghii, viridifolia, zeyheri
Sorocephalus alopecurus, capitatus, scabridus,,tenuifolius, teretifolius
Spatalla argentea, colorata, prolifera, tulbaghensis
Vexatorella latebrosa

And at only 1 observation:

Leucadendron grandiflorum Wynberg Conebush [extinct - illustration type]
Leucadendron spirale Wolseley Conebush[extinct - illustration of type]
Protea asymmetrica Inyanga Sugarbush
Protea enervis Chimanimani Sugarbush
Protea flavopilosa Morro Sugarbush
Spatalla salsoloides Kinky Spoon
Spatalla thyrsiflora Swanneck Spoon

Not yet recorded:
Cape
Sorocephalus crassifolius Flowerless Powderpuff
Sorocephalus palustris Mat Powerpuff
Sorocephalus scabridus × Spatalla caudata (intergeneric hybrid!)

Tropics
Faurea rubriflora Manica Beechwood
Protea argyrea Shaba Sugarbush
Protea dekindtiana Bimbe Sugarbush
Protea kibarensis Kibara Sugarbush
Protea matonchiana Matonchi Sugarbush
Protea ongotium Ongote Sugarbush
Protea praticola Mbogo Sugarbush
Protea rubrobracteata Redbract Sugarbush

Any comments or queries?

Posted on April 15, 2022 12:42 PM by tonyrebelo tonyrebelo | 6 comments | Leave a comment