Observations by artger24

Electrified cat's tail moss is part of the hylocomiaceae family. The plants are robust with bushy tips and are irregularly pinnate. The stems and branches do not have small, green filaments and the top portion is usually curved. The leaves are egg shaped and pleated leaves with strong midribs. The cells are elongated and thicken irregularly with infrequent sporophytes that grow from the sides of the stem. Their stalks are long with inclined capsules.

The sword fern is part of Polypodiaceae family.

The sword fern is one times pinnate with leaflets that alternate and are sharply toothed and pointed. They have round indusiums and have thumbs at each pinnae.

They have large circular sori that are between the midvein and margin and the indusium is round with fringed margins and are centrally attached.

This fern is usually found on various trees. It ranges from small to medium size and they got their name from their licorice flavored rhizome. The have leaves that are one pinnate with pointed tips and are no longer than 3cm with scalloped or toothed margins. Their sori are oval to round and have one row one either side of the main vein and have no indusium.

It is also described as one times pinnate, leaflets with pointed tips and usually less than 3cm with visible sori.

It belongs in the family Polypodiaceae.

The salal is a creeping plant that have layers that range from 0.2-5m tall with leaves that appear evergreen, leathery and alternate as well as thick shiny and egg shaped. They are finely toothed and sharp and range 5-10cm long. The fruits of the salal are using reddish-blue or dark purple and are fleshy sepals that are 6-10mm broad and edible. The flowers are white or pinkish, 7-10mm long, 5-15 of them at the end with bending stalks in one direction. Salals are usually found at the bottom of forest foliage.

The salal are in the family Ericaceae and are eudicots.

The dull Oregon grape belongs in the Berberidaceae family.

The Dull Oregon Grape has serrated edges, veins that go to the end, and evergreen leathery leaves in an alternate pattern. They have an oval-egg shape to the leaf. There are usually 5-9 leaflets per leaf. There are usually clusters of the Oregon grape, surrounded by conifers, ferns and mosses, etc. Their flowers are bright yellow and are also in clusters while the berries are blue and are edible.

The Douglas Fir belongs to the Pinaceae family.

This is a Douglas Fir with a bees nest down at Mud Bay. It was about 50-60m tall with erect to drooping branches. The bark was very thick and dark brown. The needles ranged from 2-3cm and were flat and yellow-green. The cones will be reddish-brown and are oval hanging down. The Douglas firs are also found up in Capitol State Forest.

This particular Douglas was surrounded by madronas, alders, cedars, and hemlocks. Misc. foilage including ferns, various mosses, salal, blackberries, etc.