Red Velvet Ant (GTM Research Reserve Arthropod Guide)

Red Velvet Ant

Dasymutilla occidentalis

Summary ⁶

Dasymutilla occidentalis, commonly known as the Eastern Velvet Ant or Red Velvet Ant, is a species of parasitoid wasp that is native to the eastern United States. It is commonly mistaken for a member of the true ant family, as the female is wingless. The species ranges from Connecticut to Missouri in the north and from Florida to Texas in the south. Other common names include cow ant and cow killer.

Dasymutilla occidentalis ⁷

Dasymutilla occidentalis (red velvet ant or eastern velvet ant), is a species of parasitoid wasp native to the eastern United States. It is commonly mistaken for a member of the true ant family, as the female is wingless. The species ranges from Connecticut to Missouri in the north and Florida to Texas in the south. Other common names include cow ant and cow killer.^[1]^[2]^[3]

The eastern velvet ant is the largest of the velvet ant species in the United States, attaining an approximate length of 0.75 in (1.9 cm). Adults display aposematic coloration, consisting of black overall coloring with an orange-red pattern on the dorsal surface of the thorax and abdomen. They are covered in dense, velvet-like hair.^[2]^[3]

Females are capable of an extremely painful sting, hence the name "cow killer".^[3] They are extremely quick-moving and often take a defensive posture when threatened. They seek out the brood cells of Eastern cicada killers and other large ground-nesting members of Crabronidae, where they deposit an egg onto a host larva. The egg quickly hatches into a white, legless grub, which consumes the host and goes through several larval stages prior to pupa formation. Unlike the females, males have dark, transparent wings and do not deliver a sting.^[1]^[2]

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dasymutilla occidentalis.

^ ^a ^b"Species Dasymutilla occidentalis". Bugguide. Iowa State University. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c"Red Velvet Ant or "Cow Killer"". Texas AgriLife Extension Service: A Field Guide To Common Texas Insects. Texas A&M University. Retrieved September 12, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c"Red velvet ant; cow killer". Arthropod Museum. University of Arkansas: Division of Agriculture. Retrieved September 12, 2011.