Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum (TVA, White's Creek Small Wild Area, Plants)

Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum

Arisaema triphyllum triphyllum

Barcode data: arisaema triphyllum ⁴

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

Comments ⁵

Although these morphological forms may be recognizable in the field, distinguishing these differences in herbarium specimens is often difficult, and there is much overlap occurs in expression of the characteristics supposedly defining infraspecific taxa. Numerous intermediate forms exist, including putative hybrid populations be tween the subspecies with 2n = 42 (D. G. Huttleston 1949, 1953). Given these problems and the sympatric ranges of the "subspecies" recognized by previous workers, A. triphyllum is treated here as one highly variable species.

In addition to the above variability within the Arisaema triphyllum complex, putative hybrid populations between A. triphyllum and A. dracontium also occur naturally (L. L. Sanders and C. J. Burk 1992). These plants do not produce mature fruits but do reproduce vegetatively.

Faunal associations ⁶

The flowers are pollinated by fungus gnats (Sciaridae & Mycetophilidae) and the larvae of parasitic thrips. In particular, the oligolectic thrips Heterothrips arisaemae and probably Ctenothrips bridwelli are attracted to the flowers of Jack-in-the-Pulpit. The foliage and corms (especially the latter) contain crystals of calcium oxalate, which can cause a burning sensation in the mouth and irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, mammalian herbivores rarely eat this plant. However, some upland gamebirds feed on the foliage occasionally, including Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey). The red berries are eaten by some woodland birds, including Hylocichla mustelina (Wood Thrush) and the Wild Turkey. Photographic Location

Flower visiting insects of jack in the pulpit in illinois ⁷

Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-Pulpit)
(insects may suck nectar, or they are lured by the fungus-like scent of the flowers; Nematocera are several families of fungus gnats and other midge-like flies; observations are from Robertson)

Diptera
Nematocera: About 7 Unidentified spp.

Plant Bugs
Nabidae: Nabis ferus

Sources and Credits

(c) J. Michael Raby, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC-ND), https://www.flickr.com/photos/jmr-holdit/16520413873/
(c) Joshua Mayer, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), https://www.flickr.com/photos/wackybadger/4567046040/
(c) Steven J. Baskauf, some rights reserved (CC BY), http://bioimages.vanderbilt.edu/baskauf/11707
(c) Barcode of Life Data Systems, some rights reserved (CC BY), http://eol.org/data_objects/30726883
(c) Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC-SA), http://eol.org/data_objects/19821591
(c) John Hilty, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), http://eol.org/data_objects/29444960
(c) John Hilty, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), http://eol.org/data_objects/31872404

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