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White avens

Geum canadense

Summary 6

Geum canadense (white avens) is a plant in the rose family, Rosaceae.

Barcode data: geum canadense 7

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.


Description 8

This perennial plant is about 1½–2½' tall, branching occasionally. The upper stems are light green and pubescent, while the lower stems are often brownish green and coarsely hairy. These stems are round in circumference, rather than angular. There are both basal leaves (produced during the spring) and alternate cauline leaves. The basal leaves are produced in a low rosette up to 6" across. The lower cauline leaves are trifoliate, while the upper cauline leaves are usually simple; they are rather variable in shape. Both simple leaves and leaflets of the compound leaves are up to 4" long and 3" across, becoming smaller as they ascend the stems. They are medium green, lanceolate to oval-ovate, coarsely serrated, and often cleft into 3 major lobes. Their margins are often shallowly cleft or incised as well. The basal leaves are similar to the cauline leaves, except they are dark green and odd-pinnate with more than 3 leaflets. The wrinkled upper surface of each leaf is either hairless or it has scattered hairs that are very short and bristly; the lower surface is either hairless or it has a few hairs along the major veins. The lower leaves have stout petioles up to 1" long, while the upper leaves have either short petioles or they are sessile. At the base of each petiole, there are a pair of leafy stipules up to ½" long that are usually toothed along their margins. Each upper stem often terminates in an inflorescence of 1-3 flowers; sometimes individual flowers are produced from the axils of the upper leaves. The peduncles are up to 3" long and finely pubescent; they divide into shorter pedicels when there is more than one flower in the inflorescence. Each flower is about ½" across, consisting of 5 bright white petals, 5 triangular green sepals, and numerous stamens surrounding a cluster of green carpels with elongated styles. The sepals are the same length or shorter than the petals; they are initially spreading, but curve downward with age. The anthers of the stamens are initially white, but they soon turn brown. The receptacle of each flower (the surface underneath the carpels) is pubescent. The blooming period occurs during the summer and lasts about 1-2 months. There is no noticeable floral scent. Each flower is replaced by a spheroid cluster of achenes with persistent styles that are hooked at their tips. This fruiting cluster spans about ¾" across; it is initially green, but eventually turns brown. The root system consists of a taproot and rhizomes; from the latter, vegetative offsets can be produced. This plant occasionally forms loose colonies. Cultivation

Flower visiting insects of white avens in illinois 9

Geum canadense (White Avens)
(Short-tongued bees suck nectar or collect pollen, other insects suck nectar; observations are from Robertson)

Bees (long-tongued)
Anthophoridae (Pasitidini): Holcopasites illinoiensis sn

Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Augochlorella aurata sn cp, Halictus confusus sn, Lasioglossum imitatus sn cp, Lasioglossum pilosus pilosus sn, Lasioglossum pruinosus sn cp, Lasioglossum tegularis sn, Lasioglossum versatus sn cp; Colletidae (Hylaeinae): Hylaeus mesillae sn; Andrenidae (Panurginae): Calliopsis andreniformis sn

Wasps
Sphecidae (Crabroninae): Lestica confluentus sn; Sphecidae (Philanthinae): Cerceris compacta sn; Chrysididae: Hedychrum violaceum sn; Vespidae (Eumeninae): Eumenes fraterna sn, Leionotus ziziae (Rb, MS) sn, Stenodynerus histrionalis sn

Flies
Syrphidae: Toxomerus marginatus sn; Tachinidae: Cylindromyia dosiades sn; Sarcophagidae: Helicobia rapax sn

Beetles
Cerambycidae: Euderces picipes sn; Mordellidae: Mordella marginata sn

Plant Bugs
Thyreocoridae: Corimelaena pulicarius sn

Sources and Credits

  1. (c) Dan Mullen, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC-ND), http://www.flickr.com/photos/8583446@N05/4688428574
  2. (c) Joshua Mayer, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), https://www.flickr.com/photos/wackybadger/14570468546/
  3. (c) wplynn, some rights reserved (CC BY-ND), https://www.flickr.com/photos/warrenlynn/14610757233/
  4. (c) Tom Potterfield, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC-SA), https://www.flickr.com/photos/tgpotterfield/6792888474/
  5. (c) Jerry Oldenettel, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC-SA), https://www.flickr.com/photos/jroldenettel/9183410708/
  6. Adapted by Jonathan (JC) Carpenter from a work by (c) Wikipedia, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geum_canadense
  7. (c) Barcode of Life Data Systems, some rights reserved (CC BY), http://eol.org/data_objects/30736414
  8. (c) John Hilty, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), http://eol.org/data_objects/29443365
  9. (c) John Hilty, some rights reserved (CC BY-NC), http://eol.org/data_objects/31872633

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