Complete Fairfield County Native Plant List
I began creating this list in August 2023 and have worked on it on and off since then. As the name suggests, only native plants are on this list. Only tracheophytes are on this list, and hybrids are not included. Subspecies and varieties are listed only in cases where non-native ones are present alongside native ones (e.g., Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata). To create this list, I used GoBotany, BONAP, The Atlas of the Flora of New England, and the USDA PLANTS database. There are roughly 1,275 species in this list. Not all scientific or common names may match those on iNaturalist. Let me know if I missed any species.
Key:
aquatic - ๐ง// wetland - ๐๏ธ // saltwater/coastal - ๐๏ธ
ACALYPHA
a. gracilens (slender three-seeded mercury)
a. rhomboidea (rhomboid mercury)
a. virginica (virginia mercury)
ACER
a. negundo (boxelder)
a. nigrum (black maple)
a. pensylvanicum (striped maple)
a. rubrum (red maple)
a. saccharinum (silver maple)
a. saccharum (sugar maple)
a. spicatum (mountain maple)
ACHILLEA
a. millefolium (common yarrow)
ACORUS
a. americanus (american sweetflag) ๐๏ธ
ACTAEA
a. pachypoda (white baneberry)
a. racemosa (black cohosh)
a. rubra (red baneberry)
ADIANTUM
a. pedatum (common maidenhair fern)
ADLUMIA
a. fungosa (climbing fumitory)
AGALINIS
a. maritima (saltmarsh false foxglove) ๐๏ธ
a. purpurea (purple false foxglove) ๐๏ธ
a. tenuifolia (slender false foxglove)
AGASTACHE
a. nepetoides (yellow giant hyssop)
a. scrophulariifolia (purple giant hyssop)
AGERATINA
a. altissima (white snakeroot)
a. aromatica (lesser snakeroot)
AGRIMONIA
a. gryposepala (tall hairy agrimony)
a. parviflora (swamp agrimony) ๐๏ธ
a. pubescens (downy agrimony)
a. rostellata (woodland agrimony)
a. striata (roadside agrimony)
AGROSTIS
a. hyemalis (winter bentgrass)
a. perennans (autumn bentgrass)
a. scabra (rough bentgrass)
ALETRIS
a. farinosa (white colicroot)
ALISMA
a. subcordatum (southern water-plantain) ๐๏ธ
a. triviale (northern water-plantain) ๐๏ธ
ALLIUM
a. canadense (meadow garlic)
a. tricoccum (wild leek)
ALNUS
a. incana (speckled alder) ๐๏ธ
a. serrulata (smooth alder) ๐๏ธ
AMARANTHUS
a. cannabinus (saltmarsh hemp) ๐๏ธ
a. retroflexus (redroot amaranth)
AMAUROPELTA
a. noveboracensis (new york fern)
AMBROSIA
a. artemisiifolia (common ragweed)
a. trifida (giant ragweed)
AMELANCHIER
a. arborea (downy serviceberry)
a. canadensis (canadian serviceberry)
a. laevis (smooth serviceberry)
a. stolonifera (running serviceberry)
AMPHICARPAEA
a. bracteata (hog peanut)
ANAPHALIS
a. margaritacea (pearly everlasting)
ANDERSONGLOSSUM
a. virginianum (wild comfrey)
ANDROMEDA
a. polifolia (bog rosemary) ๐๏ธ
ANDROPOGON
a. gerardi (big bluestem)
a. virginicus (broomsedge bluestem)
ANEMONE
a. canadensis (canada anemone)
a. cylindrica (long-headed anemone)
a. quinquefolia (wood anemone)
a. virginiana (tall anemone)
ANGELICA
a. atropurpurea (american angelica) ๐๏ธ
a. venenosa (hairy angelica)
ANTENNARIA
a. howellii (small pussytoes)
a. parlinii (parlinโs pussytoes)
a. plantaginifolia (plantain-leaved pussytoes)
ANTHOXANTHUM
a. nitens (sweetgrass)
APIOS
a. americana (groundnut)
APLECTRUM
a. hyemale (putty-root)
APOCYNUM
a. androsaemifolium (spreading dogbane)
a. cannabinum (hemp dogbane)
AQUILEGIA
a. canadensis (red columbine)
ARABIDOPSIS
a. lyrata (lyreleaf rockcress)
ARABIS
a. pycnocarpa (hairy rockcress)
ARALIA
a. hispida (bristly sarsaparilla)
a. nudicaulis (wild sarsaparilla)
a. racemosa (american spikenard)
ARCTOSTAPHYLOS
a. uva-ursi (common bearberry)
ARETHUSA
a. bulbosa (dragonโs mouth) ๐๏ธ
ARISAEMA
a. dracontium (green dragon)
a. triphyllum (jack-in-the-pulpit)
ARISTIDA
a. dichotoma (churchmouse threeawn)
a. longespica var. geniculata (slim-spike threeawn)
a. purpurascens (arrowfeather threeawn)
a. tuberculosa (seaside threeawn)
ARISTOLOCHIA
a. serpentaria (virginia snakeroot)
ARONIA
a. arbutifolia (red chokeberry)
a. melanocarpa (black chokeberry)
ARTEMISIA
a. campestris ssp. caudata (beach wormwood) ๐๏ธ
ASARUM
a. canadense (canada wild ginger)
ASCLEPIAS
a. amplexicaulis (clasping milkweed)
a. exaltata (poke milkweed)
a. incarnata (swamp milkweed)
a. purpurascens (purple milkweed)
a. quadrifolia (four-leaved milkweed)
a. syriaca (common milkweed)
a. tuberosa (butterfly milkweed)
a. verticillata (whorled milkweed)
ASPLENIUM
a. platyneuron (ebony spleenwort)
a. rhizophyllum (walking fern)
a. ruta-muraria (wall-rue)
a. trichomanes (maidenhair spleenwort)
ATHYRIUM
a. angustum (northern lady fern)
a. asplenioides (southern lady fern)
ATRIPLEX
a. acadiensis (maritime saltbrush) ๐๏ธ
a. cristata (crested saltbrush) ๐๏ธ
a. dioica (saline saltbrush) ๐๏ธ
AUREOLARIA
a. flava (smooth false foxglove)
a. pedicularia (fern-leaved false foxglove)
a. virginica (downy yellow false foxglove)
AVENELLA
a. flexuosa (wavy hairgrass)
BACCHARIS
b. halimifolia (eastern baccharis) ๐๏ธ
BAPTISIA
b. tinctoria (wild indigo)
BARTONIA
b. paniculata (twining screwstem) ๐๏ธ
b. virginica (virginia screwstem) ๐๏ธ
BETULA
b. alleghaniensis (yellow birch)
b. lenta (sweet birch)
b. nigra (river birch)
b. populifolia (gray birch)
b. pumila (swamp birch) ๐๏ธ
BIDENS
b. beckii (water marigold) ๐ง
b. cernua (nodding beggarticks) ๐๏ธ
b. connata (purple-stemmed beggarticks) ๐๏ธ
b. discoidea (small beggarticks) ๐๏ธ
b. frondosa (devils beggarticks)
b. laevis (smooth beggarticks) ๐๏ธ
b. tripartita (three-parted beggarticks) ๐๏ธ
b. vulgata (tall beggarticks)
BLITUM
b. capitatum (strawberry blite)
BOEHMERIA
b. cylindrica (false nettle) ๐๏ธ
BOLBOSCHOENUS
b. fluviatilis (river bulrush) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
b. maritimus (saltmarsh bulrush) ๐๏ธ
b. novae-angliae (new england bulrush) ๐๏ธ
b. robustus (seacoast bulrush) ๐๏ธ
BORODINIA
b. canadensis (sicklepod)
b. laevigata (smooth rockcress)
BOTRYCHIUM
b. dissectum (dissected grapefern)
b. angustisegmentum (narrow triangle moonwort)
b. matricariifolium (daisyleaf grapefern)
b. multifidum (leathery grapefern)
b. simplex (least grapefern)
b. virginianum (rattlesnake fern)
BOUTELOUA
b. curtipendula (sideoats gramma)
BRACHYELYTRUM
b. aristosum (northern shorthusk)
b. erectum (long-awned wood grass)
BRASENIA
b. schreberi (water shield) ๐ง
BROMUS
b. ciliatus (fringed brome)
b. kalmii (kalmโs brome)
b. latiglumis (earlyleaf brome) ๐๏ธ
b. pubescens (hairy woodland brome)
BULBOSTYLIS
b. capillaris (tufted hair-sedge)
CAKILE
c. edentula (american sea-rocket) ๐๏ธ
CALAMAGROSTIS
c. breviligulata (american marram grass) ๐๏ธ
c. canadensis (bluejoint) ๐๏ธ
CALLA
c. palustris (wild calla) ๐๏ธ
CALLITRICHE
c. heterophylla (greater water starwort) ๐ง
c. palustris (vernal water starwort) ๐ง
c. terrestris (terrestrial water starwort) ๐๏ธ
CALOPOGON
c. tuberosus (tuberous grass pink) ๐๏ธ
CALTHA
c. palustris (marsh marigold) ๐๏ธ
CALYSTEGIA
c. sepium ssp. americana (american bindweed)
c. sepium ssp. angulata (angled
bindweed)
CAMPANULA
c. aparinoides (marsh bellflower) ๐๏ธ
c. rotundifolia (harebell)
CAPNOIDES
c. sempervirens (rock harlequin)
CARDAMINE
c. bulbosa (spring cress) ๐๏ธ
c. concatenata (pepper root)
c. diphylla (two-leaved toothwort)
c. douglassii (purple cress)
c. parviflora (sand bittercress)
c. pensylvanica (pennsylvania bittercress) ๐๏ธ
CAREX
c. aggregata (glomerate sedge)
c. alata (broadwing sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. albicans (white-tinged sedge)
c. albolutescens (greenwhite sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. albursina (white bear sedge)
c. alopecoidea (foxtail sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. amphibola (eastern narrowleaf sedge)
c. annectans (yellow-fruited sedge)
c. appalachica (appalachian sedge)
c. aquatilis (water sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. arctata (drooping woodland sedge)
c. argyrantha (silvery-flowered sedge)
c. atlantica (prickly bog sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. aurea (golden sedge)
c. barrattii (barrattโs sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. bebbii (bebbโs sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. bicknellii (bicknellโs sedge)
c. blanda (eastern woodland sedge)
c. brevior (short-beaked sedge)
c. bromoides (brome-like sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. brunnescens (brownish sedge)
c. bushii (bushโs sedge)
c. canescens (hoary sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. cephalophora (oval-headed sedge)
c. communis (fibrous-rooted sedge)
c. comosa (bristly sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. conoidea (open-field sedge)
c. crinita (fringed sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. cristatella (crested sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. cryptolepis (northeastern sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. davisii (davisโ sedge)
c. debilis (white-edged sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. deweyana (deweyโs sedge)
c. digitalis (slender woodland sedge)
c. disperma (soft-leaved sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. eburnea (bristle-leaved sedge)
c. echinata (star sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. festucacea (fescue sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. flava (yellow-green sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. foenea (straw sedge)
c. folliculata (northern long sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. glaucodea (blue sedge)
c. gracilescens (slender loose-flowered sedge)
c. gracillima (graceful sedge)
c. granularis (limestone meadow sedge)
c. grisea (inflated narrow-leaved sedge)
c. gynandra (nodding sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. haydenii (haydenโs sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. hirsutella (fuzzy wuzzy sedge)
c. hirtifolia (pubescent sedge)
c. hitchcockiana (hitchcockโs sedge)
c. hormathodes (marsh straw sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. hystericina (bottlebrush sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. interior (inland sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. intumescens (bladder sedge)
c. lacustris (lake sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. laevivaginata (smooth-sheathed sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. lasiocarpa (woolly-fruited sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. laxiculmis (spreading sedge)
c. laxiflora (loose-flowered sedge)
c. leptalea (bristly-stalked sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. longii (longโs sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. lucorum (blue ridge sedge)
c. lupuliformis (false hop sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. lupulina (hop sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. lurida (sallow sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. merritt-fernaldii (merrit fernaldโs sedge)
c. muehlenbergii (muhlenbergโs sedge)
c. nigra (smooth black sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. normalis (greater straw sedge)
c. pallescens (pale sedge)
c. pedunculata (long-stalked sedge)
c. pellita (woolly sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. pensylvanica (pennsylvania sedge)
c. plantaginea (plantain-leaved sedge)
c. platyphylla (broad-leaved sedge)
c. prasina (drooping sedge)
c. projecta (necklace sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. radiata (bracted sedge)
c. retroflexa (reflexed sedge)
c. retrorsa (retrorse sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. rosea (rosy sedge)
c. scabrata (eastern rough sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. scoparia (pointed broom sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. seorsa (weak stellate sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. siccata (dry land sedge)
c. silicea (beach sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. sparganioides (bur reed sedge)
c. sprengelii (long-beaked sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. squarrosa (squarrose sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. stipata (awl-fruited sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. straminea (eastern straw sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. striatula (lined sedge)
c. stricta (tussock sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. styloflexa (bent sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. swanii (swanโs sedge)
c. tenera (delicate quill sedge)
c. tetanica (rigid sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. tonsa (shaved sedge)
c. torta (twisted sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. tribuloides (blunt broom sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. trichocarpa (hairy-fruited sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. trisperma (three-seeded sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. tuckermanii (tuckermanโs sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. typhina (cattail sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. umbellata (parasol sedge)
c. utriculata (northwest territory sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. vesicaria (blister sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. vestita (velvet sedge)
c. virescens (ribbed sedge)
c. vulpinoidea (fox sedge) ๐๏ธ
CARPINUS
c. caroliniana (american hornbeam)
CARYA
c. cordiformis (bitternut hickory)
c. glabra (pignut hickory)
c. ovata (shagbark hickory)
c. tomentosa (mockernut hickory)
CASTANEA
c. dentata (american chestnut)
CASTILLEJA
c. coccinea (scarlet painted-cup)
CAULOPHYLLUM
c. thalictroides (blue cohosh)
CEANOTHUS
c. americanus (new jersey tea)
CELASTRUS
c. scandens (american bittersweet)
CELTIS
c. occidentalis (common hackberry)
CENCHRUS
c. longispinus (mat sandbur)
CEPHALANTHUS
c. occidentalis (common buttonbush) ๐๏ธ
CERASTIUM
c. nutans (nodding chickweed)
c. strictum (american field chickweed)
CERATOPHYLLUM
c. demersum (coontail) ๐ง
c. echinatum (spineless hornwort) ๐ง
CHAMAECRISTA
c. fasciculata (partridge pea)
c. nictitans (wild sensitive pea)
CHAMAECYPARIS
c. thyoides (atlantic white cedar) ๐๏ธ
CHAMAEDAPHNE
c. calyculata (leatherleaf) ๐๏ธ
CHAMAELIRIUM
c. luteum (devilโs bit)
CHAMAENERION
c. angustifolium (fireweed)
CHELONE
c. glabra (white turtlehead) ๐๏ธ
CHENOPODIASTRUM
c. simplex (maple-leaved goosefoot)
CHENOPODIUM
c. berlandieri (pitseed goosefoot) ๐๏ธ
CHIMAPHILA
c. maculata (striped wintergreen)
c. umbellata (pipsissewa)
CHRYSOSPLENIUM
c. americanum (golden saxifrage) ๐๏ธ
CICUTA
c. bulbifera (bulblet-bearing water hemlock) ๐๏ธ
c. maculata (water hemlock) ๐๏ธ
CIRCAEA
c. alpina (smaller enchanterโs nightshade)
c. canadensis (enchanterโs nightshade)
CIRSIUM
c. discolor (field thistle)
c. horridulum (yellow thistle) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
c. muticum (swamp thistle) ๐๏ธ
c. pumilum (pasture thistle)
CINNA
c. arundinacea (stout woodreed)
CLADIUM
c. mariscoides (smooth saw-grass) ๐๏ธ
CLAYTONIA
c. caroliniana (carolina springbeauty)
c. virginica (virginia springbeauty)
CLEMATIS
c. virginiana (virginโs-bower)
CLETHRA
c. alnifolia (sweet pepperbush) ๐๏ธ
CLINOPODIUM
c. vulgare (wild basil)
CLINTONIA
c. borealis (bluebead lily)
COLEATAENIA
c. longifolia (long-leaved redtop panicgrass) ๐๏ธ
c. rigidula (redtop panicgrass) ๐๏ธ
COLLINSONIA
c. canadensis (richweed)
COMANDRA
c. umbellata (bastard toadflax)
COMARUM
c. palustre (marsh cinquefoil) ๐๏ธ
COMPTONIA
c. peregrina (sweet-fern)
CONIOSELINUM
c. chinense (hemlock-parsley) ๐๏ธ
COPTIS
c. trifolia (threeleaf goldthread)
CORALLORHIZA
c. maculata (spotted coral root)
c. odontorhiza (fall coral root)
c. trifida (early coral root) ๐๏ธ
CORNUS
c. alternifolia (pagoda dogwood)
c. canadensis (bunchberry dogwood)
c. florida (flowering dogwood)
c. racemosa (gray dogwood)
c. rugosa (round-leaved dogwood)
c. sericea (red-osier dogwood)
CORYLUS
c. americana (american hazelnut)
c. cornuta (beaked hazelnut)
CORYPHOPTERIS
c. simulata (massachusetts fern) ๐๏ธ
CRATAEGUS
c. biltmireana (biltmore hawthorn)
c. chrysocarpa (fireberry hawthorn)
c. coccinea (scarlet hawthorn)
c. crus-galli (cockspur hawthorn)
c. flabellata (fanleaf hawthorn)
c. flavida (yellow hawthorn)
c. intricata (copenhagen hawthorn)
c. jesupii (jesupโs hawthorn)
c. lumaria (thorny hawthorn)
c. macracantha (large thorn hawthorn)
c. macrosperma (bigfruit hawthorn)
c. populnea (poplar hawthorn)
c. pruinosa (frosted hawthorn)
CROCANTHEMUM
c. bicknellii (hoary frostweed)
c. canadense (canada frostweed)
CROTALARIA
c. sagittalis (arrowhead rattlebox)
CRYPTOGRAMMA
c. stelleri (slender cliff-brake)
CRYPTOTAENIA
c. canadensis (honewort)
CUPHEA
c. viscosissima (blue waxweed)
CUSCUTA
c. compacta (compact dodder)
c. coryli (hazel dodder)
c. gronovii (common dodder)
c. indecora (collared dodder)
c. pentagona (five-angled dodder)
c. polygonorum (smartweed dodder)
CYPERUS
c. bipartitus (shining flatsedge) ๐๏ธ
c. brevifolius (shortleaf spikesedge) ๐๏ธ
c. dentatus (toothed sedge) ๐๏ธ
c. diandrus (umbrella flatsedge) ๐๏ธ
c. erythrorhizos (red-root flatsedge) ๐๏ธ
c. esculentus (yellow nutsedge) ๐๏ธ
c. filicinus (fern flatsedge) ๐๏ธ
c. grayi (grayโs flatsedge)
c. lupulinus (great plains flatsedge)
c. odoratus (fragrant flatsedge) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
c. squarrosus (bearded flatsedge) ๐๏ธ
c. strigosus (straw-colored flatsedge)
CYPRIPEDIUM
c. acaule (pink lady slipper)
c. parviflorum (yellow lady slipper)
CYSTOPTERIS
c. bulbifera (bulblet fern)
c. fragilis (fragile fern)
c. tenuis (mackayโs fragile fern)
DACTYLORHIZA
d. viridis (longbract frog orchid)
DANTHONIA
d. compressa (flattened oatgrass)
d. spicata (poverty oatgrass)
DASIPHORA
d. fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil)
DECODON
d. verticillatus (swamp loosestrife) ๐๏ธ
DENDROLYCOPODIUM
d. hickeyi (hickeyโs clubmoss)
d. obscurum (tree clubmoss)
DENNSTAEDTIA
d. punctilobula (hay-scented fern)
DEPARIA
d. acrostichoides (silvery spleenwort)
DESMODIUM
d. canadense (showy tick-trefoil)
d. canescens (hoary tick-trefoil)
d. ciliare (hairy small-leaf tick-trefoil)
d. cuspidatum (largebract tick-trefoil)
d. marilandicum (smooth small-leaf trick trefoil)
d. obtusum (stiff tick-trefoil)
d. paniculatum (panicled tick-trefoil)
d. perplexum (perplexed tick-trefoil)
d. rotundifolium (round-leaved tick-trefoil)
DICENTRA
d. cucullaria (dutchmanโs breeches)
DICHANTHELIUM
d. acuminatum (hairy rosette-panicgrass)
d. boreale (northern witchgrass)
d. boscii (boscโs witchgrass)
d. clandestinum (deertongue)
d. commutatum (variable witchgrass)
d. depauperatum (starved witchgrass)
d. dichotomum (forked witchgrass)
d. latifolium (broad-leaved rosette-panicgrass)
d. linearifolium (slimleaf witchgrass)
d. oligosanthes (hellerโs rosette grass)
d. sphaerocarpon (round-fruited rosette-panicgrass)
d. xanthophysum (slender rosette grass)
DIERVILLA
d. lonicera (bush honeysuckle)
DIGITARIA
d. filiformis (slender crabgrass)
DIOSCOREA
d. villosa (wild yam)
DIPHASIASTRUM
d. digitatum (fan clubmoss)
d. tristachyum (ground cedar)
DIPLACHNE
d. fusca (bearded sprangletop) ๐๏ธ
DIRCA
d. palustris (eastern leatherwood)
DISTICHLIS
d. spicata (saltgrass) ๐๏ธ
DOELLINGERIA
d. infirma (appalachian flat-top aster)
d. umbellata (tall flat-top aster)
DRABA
d. reptans (carolina whitlow-grass)
DROSERA
d. intermedia (spoonleaf sundew) ๐๏ธ
d. rotundifolia (round-leaved sundew) ๐๏ธ
DRYMOCALLIS
d. arguta (tall cinquefoil)
DRYOPTERIS
d. carthusiana (spinulose wood fern)
d. clintoniana (clintonโs wood fern)
d. cristata (crested wood fern) ๐๏ธ
d. goldieana (goldieโs wood fern)
d. intermedia (intermediate wood fern)
d. marginalis (marginal wood fern)
DULICHIUM
d. arundinaceum (three-way sedge) ๐๏ธ
ECHINOCHLOA
e. muricata (rough barnyard grass) ๐๏ธ
e. walteri (walterโs barnyard grass) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
ECHINOCYSTIS
e. lobata (wild cucumber)
ELEOCHARIS
e. acicularis (needle spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. elliptica (elliptic spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. erythropoda (bald spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. flavescens (yellow spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. intermedia (matted spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. obtusa (blunt spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. ovata (ovate spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. palustris (common spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. parvula (dwarf spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. robbinsii (robbinsโ spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. rostellata (beaked spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. tenuis (slender spikerush) ๐๏ธ
e. tuberculosa (long-tubercled spikerush) ๐๏ธ
ELODEA
e. canadensis (canadian waterweed) ๐ง
e. nuttallii (nuttallโs waterweed) ๐ง
ELYMUS
e. canadensis (canada wild rye)
e. hystrix (bottlebrush grass)
e. riparius (river wild rye) ๐๏ธ
e. trachycaulus (slender wheatgrass)
e. villosus (downy wild rye)
e. virginicus (virginia wild rye)
e. wiegandii (wiegandโs wild rye)
EPIFAGUS
e. virginiana (beechdrops)
EPIGAEA
e. repens (trailing arbutus)
EPILOBIUM
e. ciliatum (fringed willowherb) ๐๏ธ
e. coloratum (eastern willowherb) ๐๏ธ
e. leptophyllum (bog willowherb) ๐๏ธ
e. palustre (marsh willowherb) ๐๏ธ
e. strictum (downy willowherb) ๐๏ธ
EQUISETUM
e. arvense (field horsetail)
e. fluviatile (river horsetail) ๐๏ธ
e. hyemale (rough horsetail) ๐๏ธ
e. pratense (meadow horsetail)
e. sylvaticum (wood horsetail)
e. variegatum (variegated horsetail) ๐๏ธ
ERAGROSTIS
e. capillaris (lace lovegrass)
e. frankii (sandbar lovegrass)
e. hypnoides (teal lovegrass) ๐๏ธ
e. pectinacea (tufted lovegrass)
e. spectabilis (purple lovegrass)
ERECHTITES
e. hieraciifolius (american burnweed)
ERIGERON
e. annuus (annual fleabane)
e. canadensis (horseweed)
e. philadelphicus (philadelphia fleabane)
e. pulchellus (robinโs-plantain)
e. strigosus (daisy fleabane)
ERIOCAULON
e. aquaticum (common pipewort) ๐๏ธ๐ง
e. parkeri (parkerโs pipewort) ๐๏ธ๐ง
ERIOPHORUM
e. gracile (slender contongrass) ๐๏ธ
e. tenellum (few-nerved cottongrass) ๐๏ธ
e. virginicum (tawny cottongrass) ๐๏ธ
e. viridicarinatum (green-keeled cottongrass) ๐๏ธ
ERYTHRONIUM
e. americanum (yellow trout lily)
EUBOTRYS
e. racemosa (fetterbush) ๐๏ธ
EUPATORIUM
e. hyssopifolium (hyssopleaf throughwart)
e. perfoliatum (common boneset) ๐๏ธ
e. pilosum (rough boneset) ๐๏ธ
e. sessilifolium (upland boneset)
EUPHORBIA
e. maculata (spotted spurge)
e. nutans (nodding spurge)
e. polygonifolia (seaside sandmat)
e. vermiculata (hairy sandmat)
EURYBIA
e. divaricata (white wood aster)
e. macrophylla (large-leaved aster)
e. schreberi (schreberโs wood aster)
EUTHAMIA
e. caroliniana (slender goldentop) ๐๏ธ
e. graminifolia (flat-topped goldenrod) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
EUTROCHIUM
e. dubium (coastal joe-pye weed) ๐๏ธ
e. fistulosum (hollow joe-pye weed) ๐๏ธ
e. maculatum (spotted joe-pye weed) ๐๏ธ
e. purpureum (sweet joe-pye weed)
FAGUS
f. grandiflora (american beech)
FALLOPIA
f. ciliinodis (fringed bindweed)
f. scandens (climbing false buckwheat)
FESTUCA
f. subverticillata (nodding fescue)
FIMBRISTYLIS
f. autumnalis (slender fimbry) ๐๏ธ
FLOERKEA
f. proserpinacoides (false mermaidweed)
FRAGARIA
f. vesca (woodland strawberry)
f. virginiana (common strawberry)
FRAXINUS
f. americana (white ash)
f. nigra (black ash)
f. pennsylvanica (green ash)
GALEARIS
g. spectabilis (showy orchid)
GALIUM
g. aparine (cleavers)
g. asprellum (rough bedstraw) ๐๏ธ
g. boreale (northern bedstraw)
g. circaezans (licorice bedstraw)
g. lanceolatum (lanceleaf wild licorice)
g. obtusum (bluntleaf bedstraw) ๐๏ธ
g. palustre (marsh bedstraw) ๐๏ธ
g. pilosum (hairy bedstraw)
g. tinctorium (stiff marsh bedstraw) ๐๏ธ
g. trifidum (three-petaled bedstraw) ๐๏ธ
g. triflorum (fragrant bedstraw)
GAULTHERIA
g. hispidula (creeping snowberry) ๐๏ธ
g. procumbens (eastern teaberry)
GAYLUSSACIA
g. baccata (black huckleberry)
g. bigeloviana (dwarf huckleberry) ๐๏ธ
g. frondosa (dangleberry)
GENTIANA
g. andrewsii (closed bottle gentian)
g. clausa (bottle gentian)
GENTIANELLA
g. quinquefolia (stiff gentian)
GENTIANOPSIS
g. crinita (fringed gentian)
GERANIUM
g. carolianum (carolina craneโs bill)
g. maculatum (wild geranium)
g. robertianum (herb robert)
GEUM
g. aleppicum (yellow avens)
g. canadense (white avens)
g. laciniatum (rough avens)
g. rivale (water avens) ๐๏ธ
g. viginianum (cream avens) ๐๏ธ
GLYCERIA
g. acutiflora (creeping mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. borealis (northern mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. canadensis (rattlesnake mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. grandis (american mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. laxa (limp mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. melicaria (slender mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. obtusa (atlantic mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. septentrionalis (floating mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
g. striata (fowl mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
GOODYERA
g. pubescens (downy rattlesnake plantain)
g. repens (dwarf rattlesnake plantain)
GRATIOLA
g. aurea (golden hedge hyssop) ๐๏ธ
g. neglecta (clammy hedge hyssop) ๐๏ธ
GREENEOCHLOA
g. coarctata (nuttallโs reedgrass) ๐๏ธ
GYMNOCARPIUM
g. dryopteris (oak fern)
HACKELIA
h. virginiana (virginia stickseed)
HAMAMELIS
h. virginiana (witch-hazel)
HASTEOLA
h. suaveolens (false indian plantain) ๐๏ธ
HEDEOMA
h. hispida (rough false pennyroyal)
h. pulegioides (american false pennyroyal)
HELENIUM
h. autumnale (common sneezeweed)
HELIANTHUS
h. decapetalus (pale sunflower)
h. divaricatus (woodland sunflower)
h. strumosus (pale-leaved sunflower)
HEPATICA
h. americana (round-lobed hepatica)
HERACLEUM
h. maximum (common cow parsnip)
HETERANTHERA
h. dubia (water star-grass) ๐ง
h. reniformis (kidneyleaf mud-plantain) ๐๏ธ
HEUCHERA
h. americana (common alumroot)
HIBISCUS
h. moscheutos (swamp rose mallow)
HIERACIUM
h. gronovii (hairy hawkweed)
h. paniculatum (panicled hawkweed)
h. scabrum (rough hawkweed)
h. umbellatum (canada hawkweed)
h. venosum (rattlesnakeweed)
HOMALOSORUS
h. pycnocarpos (narrow-leaf glade fern)
HONCKENYA
h. peploides (sea sandwort) ๐๏ธ
HORDEUM
h. jubatum (foxtail barley)
HOTTONIA
h. inflata (american featherfoil) ๐ง
HOUSTONIA
h. caerulea (azure bluet)
h. purpurea (venusโ pride)
h. pusilla (tiny bluet)
HUDSONIA
h. tomentosa (woolly beach heather)
HUPERZIA
h. lucidula (shining firmoss)
HYRDASTIS
h. canadensis (goldenseal)
HYDROCOTYLE
h. americana (marsh pennywort) ๐๏ธ
h. umbellata (manyflower marsh pennywort) ๐๏ธ
HYDROPHYLLUM
h. virginianum (virginia waterleaf)
HYLODESMUM
h. glutinosum (pointed-leaved tick-trefoil)
h. nudiflorum (naked tick-trefoil)
HYPERICUM
h. ascyron (great st johnโs wort)
h. boreale (northern st johnโs wort) ๐๏ธ
h. canadense (canadian st johnโs wort) ๐๏ธ
h. ellipticum (pale st johnโs wort) ๐๏ธ
h. fraseri (fraserโs marsh st johnโs wort) ๐๏ธ
h. gentianoides (orange-grass)
h. majus (larger canadian st johnโs wort)
h. mutilum (dwarf st johnโs wort) ๐๏ธ
h. punctatum (spotted st johnโs wort)
h. virginicum (virginia marsh st johnโs wort) ๐๏ธ
HYPOXIS
h. hirsuta (common star grass)
ILEX
i. laevigata (smooth winterberry) ๐๏ธ
i. mucronata (mountain holly) ๐๏ธ
i. verticillata (winterberry holly)
IMPATIENS
i. capensis (common jewelweed)
i. pallida (pale jewelweed)
IONACTIS
i. linariifolia (flax-leaved aster)
IRIS
i. prismatica (slender blue flag) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
i. versicolor (blue flag) ๐๏ธ
ISOETES
i. echinospora (spiny-spored quillwort) ๐ง
i. engelmannii (engelmannโs quillwort) ๐ง
i. riparia (shore quillwort) ๐ง
ISOTRIA
i. medeloides (small whorled pogonia)
i. verticillata (large whorled pogonia)
IVA
i. frutescens (marsh-elder) ๐๏ธ
JUGLANS
j. cinerea (butternut)
j. nigra (black walnut)
JUNCUS
j. acuminatus (tapertip rush) ๐๏ธ
j. anthelatus (greater poverty rush)
j. articulatus (joint-leaved rush) ๐๏ธ
j. brachycephalus (small-headed rush) ๐๏ธ
j. bufonius (toad rush) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
j. canadensis (canada rush) ๐๏ธ
j. dichotomus (forked rush) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
j. dudleyi (dudleyโs rush) ๐๏ธ
j. effusus (soft rush) ๐๏ธ
j. gerardii (saltmeadow rush) ๐๏ธ
j. greenei (greeneโs rush)
j. marginatus (grass-leaved rush) ๐๏ธ
j. nodosus (knotted rush) ๐๏ธ
j. pelocarpus (brown-fruited rush) ๐๏ธ
j. secundus (lopsided rush)
j. subcaudatus (woodland rush) ๐๏ธ
j. tenuis (path rush)
j. tweedyi (narrow-panicled rush) ๐๏ธ
JUNIPERUS
j. communis var. depressa (common juniper)
j. virginiana (eastern redcedar)
KALMIA
k. angustifolia (sheep laurel)
k. latifolia (mountain laurel)
KRIGIA
k. biflora (two-flowered dwarf-dandelion)
k. virginica (virginia dwarf-dandelion)
LACTUCA
l. biennis (tall blue lettuce)
l. canadensis (wild lettuce)
l. hirsuta (hairy lettuce)
LAPORTEA
l. canadensis (wood nettle)
LARIX
l. laricina (tamarack) ๐๏ธ
LATHYRUS
l. japonicus (beach pea) ๐๏ธ
l. palustris (marsh vetchling) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
LECHEA
l. maritima (beach pinweed)
l. mucronata (hairy pinweed)
l. pulchella (leggettโs pinweed)
l. tenuifolia (narrowleaf pinweed)
LEERSIA
l. oryzoides (rice cutgrass) ๐๏ธ
l. virginica (whitegrass) ๐๏ธ
LEMNA
l. minor (common duckweed) ๐ง
l. trisulca (ivy-leaved duckweed) ๐ง
l. turionifera (turion duckweed) ๐ง
l. valdiviana (valdivia duckweed) ๐ง
LEPIDIUM
l. virginicum (virginia peppergrass)
LESPEDEZA
l. capitata (round-headed bush clover)
l. frutescens (violet bush clover)
l. hirta (hairy bush clover)
l. procumbens (trailing bush clover)
l. repens (creeping bush clover)
l. violacea (violet bush clover)
l. virginica (slender bush clover)
LIATRIS
l. novae-angliae (northern blazing star)
LILAEOPSIS
l. chinensis (eastern grasswort) ๐๏ธ
LILIUM
l. canadense (canada lily)
l. philadelphicum (wood lily)
l. superbum (turkโs cap lily)
LIMONIUM
l. carolinianum (sea lavender) ๐๏ธ
LIMOSELLA
l. australis (welsh mudwort) ๐๏ธ
LINDERA
l. benzoin (northern spicebush)
LINDERNIA
l. dubia (false pimpernel) ๐๏ธ
LINUM
l. striatum (ridged yellow flax) ๐๏ธ
l. sulcatum (grooves yellow flax)
l. virginianum (woodland flax)
LIPARIS
l. liliifolia (lily-leaved twayblade)
l. loeselii (loeselโs twayblade) ๐๏ธ
LIQUIDAMBAR
l. styraciflua (sweetgum) ๐๏ธ
LIRIODENDRON
l. tulipifera (tuliptree)
LITHOSPERMUM
l. virginianum (virginia false gromwell)
LOBELIA
l. cardinalis (cardinal-flower) ๐๏ธ
l. dortmanna (water lobelia) ๐ง
l. inflata (indian tobacco)
l. kalmii (brook lobelia) ๐๏ธ
l. siphilitica (great blue lobelia) ๐๏ธ
l. spicata (pale-spiked lobelia)
LONICERA
l. canadensis (american fly honeysuckle)
l. dioica (limber honeysuckle)
l. sempervirens (trumpet honeysuckle)
l. villosa (mountain honeysuckle)
LUDWIGIA
l. alternifolia (seedbox) ๐๏ธ
l. palustris (common water-purslane) ๐๏ธ
LUPINUS
l. perennis (sundial lupine)
LUZULA
l. acuminata (hairy woodrush)
l. bulbosa (bulbous woodrush)
l. echinata (hedgehog woodrush)
l. multiflora (heath woodrush)
LYCOPODIELLA
l. alopecuroides (foxtail clubmoss) ๐๏ธ
l. appressa (appressed clubmoss) ๐๏ธ
l. inundata (inundated clubmoss) ๐๏ธ
LYCOPODIUM
l. clavatum (staghorn clubmoss)
l. lagopus (one-cone clubmoss)
LYCOPUS
l. americanus (american water horehound) ๐๏ธ
l. rubellus (stalked water horehound) ๐๏ธ
l. uniflorus (northern bugleweed) ๐๏ธ
l. virginicus (virginia water horehound) ๐๏ธ
LYONIA
l. ligustrina (maleberry) ๐๏ธ
l. mariana (staggerbush)
LYSIMACHIA
l. borealis (starflower)
l. ciliata (fringed loosestrife)
l. hybrida (lowland loosestrife) ๐๏ธ
l. quadrifolia (whorled loosestrife)
l. terrestris (swamp candles) ๐๏ธ
l. thyrsiflora (tufted loosestrife) ๐๏ธ
LYTHRUM
l. alatum (winged loosestrife) ๐๏ธ
l. lineare (wand loosestrife) ๐๏ธ
MAIANTHEMUM
m. canadense (canada mayflower)
m. racemosum (false solomonโs seal)
m. stellarum (starry false solomonโs seal)
MALAXIS
m. bayardii (bayardโs adderโs mouth)
m. unifolia (green adderโs mouth)
MATTEUCCIA
m. struthiopteris (ostrich fern)
MEDEOLA
m. virginiana (cucumber root)
MELAMPYRUM
m. lineare (cow-wheat)
MENISPERMUM
m. canadense (moonseed)
MENTHA
m. canadensis (american wild mint)
MENYANTHES
m. trifoliata (buckbean) ๐ง
MICRANTHES
m. pensylvanica (swamp saxifrage) ๐๏ธ
m. virginiensis (early saxifrage)
MIKANIA
m. scandens (climbing hempvine) ๐๏ธ
MIMULUS
m. alatus (winged monkeyflower) ๐๏ธ
m. ringens (alleghany monkeyflower) ๐๏ธ
MINUARTIA
m. michauxii (rock sandwort)
MITCHELLA
m. repens (partridgeberry)
MITELLA
m. diphylla (two-leaf miterwort)
MOEHRINGIA
m. lateriflora (bluntleaf sandwort)
MONARDA
m. fistulosa (wild bergamot)
MONOTROPA
m. hypopitys (pinesap)
m. uniflora (ghost pipe)
MORELLA
m. pensylvanica (northern bayberry)
MORUS
m. rubra (red mulberry)
MUHLENBERGIA
m. frondosa (wire-stemmed muhly)
m. glomerata (marsh muhly) ๐๏ธ
m. mexicana (mexican muhly)
m. schreberi (nimblewill)
m. sobolifera (rock muhly)
m. sylvatica (woodland muhly)
m. tenuiflora (slim-flower muhly)
m. uniflora (bog muhly) ๐๏ธ
MYOSOTIS
m. laxa (smaller forget-me-not) ๐๏ธ
m. verna (spring forget-me-not)
MYRIOPHYLLUM
m. humile (low water-milfoil) ๐ง
m. sibiricum (northern water-milfoil) ๐ง
NABALUS
n. albus (white rattlesnake root)
n. altissimus (tall rattlesnake root)
n. serpenterius (cankerweed)
n. trifoliatus (three-leaves rattlesnake root)
NAJAS
n. flexilis (nodding waternymph) ๐ง
n. gracillima (slender waternymph) ๐ง
n. guadalupensis (southern waternymph) ๐ง
NUPHAR
n. advena (spatterdock) ๐ง
n. microphylla (small yellow pond lily) ๐ง
n. variegata (bullhead pond lily) ๐ง
NUTTALLANTHUS
n. canadensis (blue toadflax)
NYMPHAEA
n. odorata (fragrant water lily) ๐ง
NYMPHOIDES
n. cordata (little floatingheart) ๐ง
NYSSA
n. sylvatica (black tupelo)
OCLEMENA
o. acuminata (whorled wood aster)
OENOTHERA
o. biennis (common evening-primrose)
o. fruticosa (narrowleaf evening-primrose) ๐๏ธ
o. fruticosa ssp. tetragona (narrowleaf evening-primrose)
o. oakesiana (oakesโ evening-primrose)
o. parviflora (northern evening-primrose)
o. perennis (little evening-primrose)
ONOCLEA
o. sensibilis (sensitive fern)
OPHIOGLOSSUM
o. pusillum (northern adderโs tongue)
OPUNTIA
o. humifusa (eastern prickly pear)
OROBANCHE
o. uniflora (one-flowered broomrape)
ORONTIUM
o. aquaticum (golden club) ๐๏ธ
ORTHILIA
o. secunda (one-sided shinleaf)
ORYZOPSIS
o. asperifolia (white-grained ricegrass)
OSMORHIZA
o. claytonii (hairy sweet cicely)
o. longistylis (anise-root)
OSMUNDA
o. claytoniana (interrupted fern)
o. spectabilis (american royal fern) ๐๏ธ
OSMUNDASTRUM
o. cinnamomeum (cinnamon fern) ๐๏ธ
OSTRYA
o. virginiana (hop-hornbeam)
OXALIS
o. dillenii (slender yellow woodsorrel)
o. florida (flowering yellow woodsorrel)
o. stricta (common yellow woodsorrel)
o. violacea (violet woodsorrel)
OXYBASIS
o. rubra (red goosefoot)
PACKERA
p. aurea (golden ragwort) ๐๏ธ
p. obovata (roundleaf ragwort)
p. paupercula (balsam ragwort)
PANAX
p. quinquefolius (ginseng)
p. trifolius (dwarf ginseng)
PANICUM
p. amarum var. amarum (bitter panicgrass) ๐๏ธ
p. capillare (witchgrass)
p. dichotomiflorum (fall panicgrass)
p. philadelphicum (philadelphia panicgrass)
p. virgatum (switchgrass)
PARIETARIA
p. pensylvanica (pennsylvania pellitory)
PARNASSIA
p. glauca (fen grass of parnassus) ๐๏ธ
PARONYCHIA
p. canadensis (smooth forked chickweed)
p. fastigiata (hairy forked chickweed)
PARTHENOCISSUS
p. inserta (thicket creeper)
p. quinquefolia (virginia creeper)
PASPALUM
p. setaceum (thin paspalum)
PATIS
p. racemosa (black mountain-ricegrass)
PEDICULARIS
p. canadensis (wood betony)
PELLAEA
p. atropurpurea (purple cliff-brake)
PELTANDRA
p. virginica (green arrow arum) ๐๏ธ
PENSTEMON
p. hirsutus (hairy beardtongue)
PENTHORUM
p. sedoides (ditch-stonecrop) ๐๏ธ
PERSICARIA
p. amphibia (water smartweed) ๐๏ธ
p. arifolia (halberd-leaved tearthumb) ๐๏ธ
p. careyi (careyโs smartweed) ๐๏ธ
p. coccinea (scarlet smartweed) ๐ง
p. hydropiperoides (false waterpepper) ๐๏ธ
p. lapathifolia (pale smartweed) ๐๏ธ
p. pensylvanica (pennsylvania smartweed) ๐๏ธ
p. punctata (dotted smartweed) ๐๏ธ
p. robustior (stout smartweed) ๐๏ธ
p. sagittata (arrow-leaved tearthumb) ๐๏ธ
p. virginiana (jumpseed)
PHALARIS
p. arundinacea (reed canary grass) ๐๏ธ
PHASEOLUS
p. polystachios (wild bean)
PHEGOPTERIS
p. connectilis (long beech fern)
p. hexagonoptera (broad beech fern)
PHRYMA
p. leptostachya (lopseed)
PHYSALIS
p. grisea (downy ground cherry)
p. heterophylla (clammy ground cherry)
p. longifolia (long-leaved ground cherry)
PHYTOLACCA
p. americana (american pokeweed)
PICEA
p. mariana (black spruce) ๐๏ธ
p. rubens (red spruce)
PILEA
p. fontana (lesser clearweed)
p. pumila (canadian clearweed)
PINUS
p. rigida (pitch pine)
p. strobus (eastern white pine)
PIPTOCHAETIUM
p. avenaceum (black-seeded speargrass)
PITYOPSIS
p. falcata (sickle-leaved golden aster) ๐๏ธ
PLANTAGO
p. maritima (seaside plantain) ๐๏ธ
p. rugelii (rugelโs plantain)
p. virginica (pale-seeded plantain)
PLATANTHERA
p. aquilonis (northern green orchid) ๐๏ธ
p. blephariglottus (white fringed orchid) ๐๏ธ
p. ciliaris (orange fringed orchid) ๐๏ธ
p. clavellata (small green wood orchid) ๐๏ธ
p. flava (tubercled bog orchid) ๐๏ธ
p. grandiflora (greater purple fringed orchid) ๐๏ธ
p. hookeri (hookerโs bog orchid)
p. lacera (ragged fringed orchid) ๐๏ธ
p. macrophylla (large round-leaved orchid)
p. psycodes (lesser purple fringed orchid) ๐๏ธ
PLATANUS
p. occidentalis (sycamore)
PLUCHEA
p. odorata (marsh fleabane) ๐๏ธ
POA
p. alsodes (grove bluegrass)
p. palustris (fowl bluegrass) ๐๏ธ
p. saltuensis (old-pasture bluegrass)
PODOSTEMUM
p. ceratophyllum (threadfoot) ๐ง
POGONIA
p. ophioglossoides (rose pogonia) ๐๏ธ
POLYGALA
p. cruciata (drumheads milkwort) ๐๏ธ
p. polygama (racemed milkwort)
p. sanguinea (purple milkwort)
p. senega (seneca milkwort) ๐๏ธ
p. verticillata (whorled milkweed)
POLYGALOIDES
p. paucifolia (fringed polygala)
POLYGONATUM
p. biflorum (smooth solomonโs seal)
p. pubescens (hairy solomonโs seal)
POLYGONUM
p. articulatum (coastal jointweed)
p. buxiforme (smallโs knotweed)
p. erectum (erect knotweed)
p. ramosissimum (bushy knotweed)
p. tenue (slender knotweed)
POLYPODIUM
p. virginianum (rock polypody)
POLYSTICHUM
p. acrostichoides (christmas fern)
PONTEDERIA
p. cordata (pickerelweed) ๐ง
POPULUS
p. balsamifera (balsam poplar)
p. deltoides (eastern cottonwood)
p. grandidentata (bigtooth aspen)
p. tremuloides (quaking aspen)
POTAMOGETON
p. alpinus (red pondweed) ๐ง
p. amplifolius (broad-leaved pondweed) ๐ง
p. berchtoldii (berchtoldโs pondweed) ๐ง
p. bicupulatus (snailseed pondweed) ๐ง
p. epihydrus (ribbon-leaved pondweed) ๐ง
p. foliosus (leafy pondweed) ๐ง
p. gramineus (grass-leaved pondweed) ๐ง
p. illinoesis (illinois pondweed) ๐ง
p. natans (floating pondweed) ๐ง
p. nodosus (long-leaved pondweed) ๐ง
p. oakesianus (oakesโ pondweed) ๐ง
p. obtusifolius (blunt-leaved pondweed) ๐ง
p. perfoliatus (perfoliate pondweed) ๐ง
p. praelongus (white-stem pondweed) ๐ง
p. pulcher (spotted pondweed) ๐ง
p. pusillus (small pondweed) ๐ง
p. richardsonii (richardsonโs pondweed) ๐ง
p. robbinsii (robbinsโ pondweed) ๐ง
p. spirillus (northern snailseed pondweed) ๐ง
p. strictifolius (straight-leaved pondweed) ๐ง
p. vaseyi (vaseyโs pondweed) ๐ง
p. zosteriformis (flat-stem pondweed) ๐ง
POTENTILLA
p. canadensis (dwarf cinquefoil)
p. norvegica (norwegian cinquefoil)
p. simplex (common cinquefoil)
PROSERPINACA
p. palustris (marsh mermaidweed) ๐ง
PRUNELLA
p. vulgaris ssp. lanceolata (selfheal)
PRUNUS
p. alleghaniensis (alleghany plum)
p. americana (american plum)
p. maritima (beach plum)
p. pensylvanica (pin cherry)
p. serotina (black cherry)
p. virginiana (chokecherry)
PTERIDIUM
p. aquilinum (bracken fern)
PTILIMNIUM
p. capillaceum (herbwilliam) ๐๏ธ
PSEUDOGNAPHALIUM
p. macounii (macounโs everlasting)
p. obtusifolium (sweet everlasting)
PUCCINELLIA
p. fasciculata (saltmarsh alkali grass) ๐๏ธ
PYCNANTHEMUM
p. incanum (hoary mountain mint)
p. muticum (clustered mountain mint)
p. tenuifolium (narrowleaf mountain mint)
p. verticillatum (whorled mountain mint)
p. virginianum (common mountain mint)
PYROLA
p. americana (american wintergreen)
p. elliptica (shinleaf)
QUERCUS
q. alba (white oak)
q. bicolor (swamp white oak) ๐๏ธ
q. coccinea (scarlet oak)
q. ilicifolia (scrub oak)
q. montana (chestnut oak)
q. muehlenbergii (chinquapin oak)
q. palustris (pin oak) ๐๏ธ
q. prinoides (dwarf chinquapin oak)
q. rubra (red oak)
q. stellata (post oak)
q. velutina (black oak)
RANUNCULUS
r. abortivus (kidneyleaf crowfoot)
r. allegheniensis (allegheny crowfoot)
r. ambigens (water-plantain spearwort) ๐๏ธ
r. aquatilis (white water crowfoot) ๐ง
r. fascicularis (early buttercup)
r. flabellaris (yellow water buttercup) ๐ง
r. hispidus (hispid buttercup)
r. micranthus (rock buttercup)
r. pensylvanicus (bristly crowfoot) ๐๏ธ
r. recurvatus (hooked buttercup)
r. sceleratus (cursed crowfoot) ๐๏ธ
RHAMNUS
r. alnifolia (alder-leaved buckthorn) ๐๏ธ
RHEXIA
r. virginica (common meadow-beauty) ๐๏ธ
RHODODENDRON
r. canadense (rhodora) ๐๏ธ
r. maximum (great rhododendron)
r. periclymenoides (pinxter flower)
r. prinophyllum (early azalea)
r. viscosum (swamp azalea) ๐๏ธ
RHUS
r. aromatica (fragrant sumac)
r. copallinum (winged sumac)
r. glabra (smooth sumac)
r. typhina (staghorn sumac)
RHYNCHOSPORA
r. alba (white beaksedge) ๐๏ธ
r. capitellata (brownish beaksedge)
r. fusca (brown beaksedge) ๐๏ธ
RIBES
r. americanum (eastern black currant)
r. cynosbati (prickly gooseberry)
r. hirtellum (smooth gooseberry)
r. lacustre (bristly swamp currant) ๐๏ธ
r. rotundifolium (appalachian gooseberry)
r. triste (swamp red currant) ๐๏ธ
RORIPPA
r. palustris (bog yellow-cress) ๐๏ธ
ROSA
r. carolina (carolina rose)
r. palustris (swamp rose) ๐๏ธ
r. virginiana (virginia rose)
ROTALA
r. ramosior (toothcup) ๐๏ธ๐ง
RUBUS
r. allegheniensis (alleghany blackberry)
r. argutus (southern blackberry)
r. cuneifolius (sand blackberry)
r. flagellaris (common dewberry)
r. hispudus (swamp dewberry)
r. idaeus ssp. strigosus (american red raspberry)
r. occidentalis (black raspberry)
r. odoratus (flowering raspberry)
r. pensilvanicus (pennsylvania blackberry)
r. pubescens (dwarf raspberry)
r. semisetosus (northeastern blackberry)
r. setosus (setose blackberry)
RUDBECKIA
r. laciniata (cutleaf coneflower)
RUMEX
r. britannica (greater water dock) ๐๏ธ
RUPPIA
r. maritima (widgeongrass) ๐ง
SABATIA
s. stellaris (salt-marsh pink) ๐๏ธ
SAGINA
s. decumbens (trailing pearlwort)
SAGITTARIA
s. cuneata (northern arrowhead) ๐๏ธ
s. graminea (grass-leaves arrowhead) ๐๏ธ
s. latifolia (common arrowhead) ๐๏ธ
s. rigida (sessile-fruited arrowhead) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
s. spongiosa (spongy arrowhead) ๐๏ธ
s. subulata (awl-leaf arrowhead) ๐๏ธ
SALICORNIA
s. ambigua (perennial glasswort) ๐๏ธ
s. bigelovii (dwarf glasswort) ๐๏ธ
s. depressa (virginia glasswort) ๐๏ธ
SALIX
s. bebbiana (bebbโs willow)
s. candida (sageleaf willow) ๐๏ธ
s. discolor (pussy willow) ๐๏ธ
s. eriocephala (heart-leaved willow) ๐๏ธ
s. humilis (prairie willow)
s. lucida (shining willow) ๐๏ธ
s. nigra (black willow) ๐๏ธ
s. pedicellaris (bog willow) ๐๏ธ
s. petiolaris (meadow willow) ๐๏ธ
s. sericea (silky willow) ๐๏ธ
s. serissima (autumn willow) ๐๏ธ
SAMBUCUS
s. canadensis (american black elderberry)
s. racemosa (red elderberry)
SAMOLUS
s. parviflorus (seaside brookweed) ๐๏ธ
SANGUINARIA
s. canadensis (bloodroot)
SANGUISORBA
s. canadensis (canadian burnet) ๐๏ธ
SANICULA
s. canadensis (black snakeroot)
s. marilandica (maryland sanicle)
s. odorata (clustered sanicle)
s. trifoliata (large-fruited sanicle)
SARRACENIA
s. purpurea (purple pitcherplant) ๐๏ธ
SASSAFRAS
s. albidum (sassafras)
SAURURUS
s. cernuus (lizardโs tail) ๐ง
SCHIZACHYRIUM
s. littorale (seaside bluestem) ๐๏ธ
s. scoparium (little bluestem)
SCHOENOPLECTIELLA
s. purshiana (weak-stalked bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. smithii (smithโs bulrush) ๐๏ธ
SCHOENOPLECTUS
s. acutus (hardstem bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. americanus (chairmakerโs bulrush) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
s. pungens (three-square bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. tabernaemontani (soft-stemmed bulrush) ๐๏ธ
SCIRPUS
s. atrocinctus (black-girdled bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. atrovirens (dark green bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. cyperinus (woolgrass) ๐๏ธ
s. expansus (woodland bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. georgianus (georgia bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. hattorianus (mosquito bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. microcarpus (panicled bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. pedicellatus (stalked bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. pendulus (rufous bulrush) ๐๏ธ
s. polyphyllus (leafy bulrush) ๐๏ธ
SCLERIA
s. triglomerata (whip nutrush)
SCROPHULARIA
s. lanceolata (lanceleaf figwort)
s. marilandica (eastern figwort)
SCUTELLARIA
s. galericulata (marsh skullcap) ๐๏ธ
s. integrifolia (helmet flower)
s. laterifolia (mad dog skullcap) ๐๏ธ
SELAGINELLA
s. apoda (meadow spikemoss)
s. rupestris (ledge spikemoss)
SENNA
s. hebecarpa (wild senna)
SERICOCARPUS
s. asteroides (toothed white-top aster)
SETARIA
s. parviflora (knotroot foxtail) ๐๏ธ
SICYOS
s. angulatus (bur cucumber)
SILENE
s. antirrhina (sleepy campion)
s. caroliniana (wild campion)
s. stellata (starry campion)
SISYRINCHIUM
s. angustifolium (narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass)
s. atlanticum (eastern blue-eyed grass)
s. montanum (strict blue-eyed grass)
s. mucronatum (needle-tipped blue-eyed grass)
SIUM
s. suave (water parsnip) ๐๏ธ
SMILAX
s. glauca (sawbrier)
s. herbacea (carrion-flower)
s. rotundifolia (roundleaf greenbrier)
s. tamnoides (bristly greenbrier)
SOLANUM
s. emulans (eastern black nightshade)
SOLIDAGO
s. altissima (tall goldenrod)
s. arguta (forest goldenrod)
s. bicolor (silverrod)
s. caesia (bluestem goldenrod)
s. canadensis (canada goldenrod)
s. flexicaulis (zig-zag goldenrod)
s. gigantea (giant goldenrod)
s. juncea (early goldenrod)
s. latissimifolia (elliottโs goldenrod) ๐๏ธ
s. nemoralis (gray goldenrod)
s. odora (sweet goldenrod)
s. patula (rough-leaved goldenrod) ๐๏ธ
s. puberla (downy goldenrod)
s. rigida (stiff-leaved goldenrod)
s. rugosa (wrinkleleaf goldenrod)
s. sempervirens (seaside goldenrod) ๐๏ธ
s. speciosa (showy goldenrod)
s. squarrosa (stout goldenrod)
s. uliginosa (bog goldenrod) ๐๏ธ
s. ulmifolia (elm-leaved goldenrod)
SORBUS
s. decora (showy mountain ash)
SORGHASTRUM
s. nutans (indian grass)
SPARGANIUM
s. americanum (american bur-reed) ๐ง
s. androcladum (branched bur-reed) ๐ง
s. emersum (unbranched bur-reed) ๐ง
s. eurycarpum (big bur-reed) ๐ง
SPERGULARIA
s. marina (saltmarsh sand spurry) ๐๏ธ
SPHENOPHOLIS
s. intermedia (slender wedgescale)
s. nitida (shiny wedgescale)
s. obtusata (prairie wedgescale)
s. pensylvanica (swamp wedgescale) ๐๏ธ
SPINULUM
s. annotinum (interrupted clubmoss)
SPIRAEA
s. alba (white meadowsweet)
s. tomentosa (steeplebush)
SPIRANTHES
s. cernua (nodding ladiesโ-tresses) ๐๏ธ
s. lacera (slender ladiesโ-tresses)
s. lucida (shining ladiesโ-tresses) ๐๏ธ
s. ochroleuca (yellow ladiesโ-tresses)
s. tuberosa (little ladiesโ-tresses)
s. vernalis (spring ladiesโ-tresses)
SPIRODELA
s. polyrrhiza (common duckmeat) ๐ง
SPOROBOLUS
s. alterniflorus (saltmarsh cordgrass) ๐๏ธ
s. clandestinus (rough dropseed)
s. compositus (composite dropseed)
s. cryptandrus (sand dropseed)
s. cynosuroides (big cordgrass) ๐๏ธ
s. neglectus (small dropseed)
s. pumilus (saltmeadow cordgrass) ๐๏ธ
s. michauxianus (prairie cordgrass) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
s. vaginiflorus (poverty dropseed)
STACHYS
s. pilosa ssp. pilosa (hairy hedgenettle) ๐๏ธ
STAPHYLEA
s. trifolia (american bladdernut)
STELLARIA
s. alsine (bog stitchwort) ๐๏ธ
s. borealis (boreal stitchwort) ๐๏ธ
s. longifolia (long-leaved stitchwort) ๐๏ธ
STREPTOPUS
s. lanceolatus (rose twisted-stalk)
STROPHOSTYLES
s. helvola (trailing wooly bean)
STUCKENIA
s. pectinata (sago pondweed) ๐ง
SUAEDA
s. calceoliformes (horned sea-blite) ๐๏ธ
s. linearis (annual sea-blite) ๐๏ธ
SYMPHYOTRICHUM
s. cordifolium (blue wood aster)
s. dumosum (bushy aster)
s. ericoides (heath aster)
s. laeve (smooth aster)
s. lanceolatum (panicled aster)
s. laterifolium (calico aster)
s. novae-angliae (new england aster)
s. novi-belgii (new york aster) ๐๏ธ๐๏ธ
s. patens (late purple aster)
s. pilosum (hairy white oldfield aster)
s. prenanthoides (crookedstem aster)
s. puniceum (swamp aster) ๐๏ธ
s. racemosum (small white aster) ๐๏ธ
s. subulatum (annual saltmarsh aster) ๐๏ธ
s. tenuifolium (perennial saltmarsh aster) ๐๏ธ
s. undulatum (wavy-leaved aster)
SYMPLOCARPUS
s. foetidus (skunk cabbage) ๐๏ธ
TAENIDIA
t. integerrima (yellow pimpernel)
TAXUS
t. canadensis (american yew)
TEPHROSIA
t. virginiana (goatโs rue)
TEUCRIUM
t. canadense (american germander) ๐๏ธ
THALICTRUM
t. dioicum (early meadow-rue)
t. pubescens (tall meadow-rue)
t. revoltum (waxy-leaved meadow-rue)
t. thalictroides (rue anemone)
THELYPTERIS
t. palustris (marsh fern) ๐๏ธ
THUJA
t. occidentalis (northern whitecedar)
TIARELLA
t. stolonifera (foamflower)
TILIA
t. americana (basswood)
TORREYOCHLOA
t. pallida (pale false mannagrass) ๐๏ธ
TOXICODENDRON
t. radicans (eastern poison ivy)
t. rydbergii (western poison ivy)
t. vernix (poison sumac)
TRICHOPHORUM
t. planifolium (bashful bulrush)
TRICHOSTEMA
t. dichotomum (forked bluecurls)
TRIDENS
t. flavus (purpletop tridens)
TRIGLOCHIN
t. maritima (common arrowgrass) ๐๏ธ
TRILLIUM
t. cernuum (nodding trillium)
t. erectum (red trillium)
t. grandiflorum (large white trillium)
t. undulatum (painted trillium)
TRIODANIS
t. perfoliata (clasping venusโ-looking-glass)
TRIOSTEUM
t. angustifolium (yellow horse-gentian)
t. aurantiacum (orange fruited horse-gentian)
t. perfoliatum (late horse gentian)
TRIPHORA
t. trianthophoros (three birds orchid)
TRIPLASIS
t. purpurea (purple sandgrass) ๐๏ธ
TRIPSACUM
t. dactyloides (eastern gamagrass) ๐๏ธ
TSUGA
t. canadensis (eastern hemlock)
TURRITIS
t. glabra (tower-mustard)
TYPHA
t. latifolia (broad-leaved cattail) ๐๏ธ๐ง
ULMUS
u. americana (american elm)
u. rubra (slippery elm)
URTICA
u. gracilis (american stinging nettle)
UTRICULARIA
u. gibba (humped bladderwort) ๐ง
u. intermedia (flat-leaved bladderwort) ๐ง
u. macrorhiza (common bladderwort) ๐ง
u. minor (lesser bladderwort) ๐ง
u. purpurea (purple bladderwort) ๐ง
UVULARIA
u. perfoliata (perfoliate bellwort)
u. sessilifolia (sessile bellwort)
VACCINIUM
v. angustifolium (lowbush blueberry)
v. corymbosum (northern highbush blueberry)
v. fuscatum (black highbush blueberry) ๐๏ธ
v. macrocarpon (large cranberry) ๐๏ธ
v. oxycoccos (small cranberry) ๐๏ธ
v. pallidum (hillside blueberry)
v. stamineum (deerberry)
VALLISNERIA
v. americana (american eelgrass) ๐ง
VERATRUM
v. hybridum (slender bunchflower)
v. viride (false hellebore)
VERBENA
v. hastata (blue vervain)
v. urticifolia (white vervain)
VERNONIA
v. noveboracensis (new york ironweed)
VERONICA
v. americana (american brookline) ๐๏ธ
v. peregrina ssp. peregrina (purslane speedwell)
v. scutellata (marsh speedwell) ๐๏ธ
VERONICASTRUM
v. virginicum (culverโs root)
VIBURNUM
v. acerifolium (maple-leaved viburnum)
v. dentatum (southern arrowwood)
v. lantanoides (hobblebush)
v. lentago (nannyberry)
v. nudum (possumhaw) ๐๏ธ
v. opulus var. americanum (highbush cranberry) ๐๏ธ
v. prunifolium (blackhaw)
v. recognitum (northern arrowwood)
VIOLA
v. affinis (le conteโs violet)
v. blanda (sweet white violet)
v. brittoniana (coast violet) ๐๏ธ
v. cucullata (blue marsh violet) ๐๏ธ
v. hirsutula (southern wood violet)
v. labradorica (american dog violet)
v. lanceolata (lance-leaved violet) ๐๏ธ
v. minuscula (small white violet) ๐๏ธ
v. palmata (wood violet)
v. pedata (birdโs foot violet)
v. primuifolia (primrose-leaved violet)
v. pubescens (yellow violet)
v. rostrata (long-spurred violet)
v. rotundifolia (round-leaved violet)
v. sagittata (arrowleaf violet)
v. sororia (common blue violiet)
v. subsinuata (early blue violet)
VITIS
v. aestivalis (summer grape)
v. labrusca (fox grape)
v. riparia (river grape)
VULPIA
v. octoflora (six-weeks grass)
WOLFFIA
w. brasiliensis (brazilian watermeal) ๐ง
w. columbiana (columbian watermeal) ๐ง
WOODSIA
w. ilvensis (rusty woodsia)
w. obtusa (blunt lobed woodsia)
WOODWARDIA
w. areolata (netted chain fern) ๐๏ธ
w. virginica (virginia chain in fern) ๐๏ธ
XANTHIUM
x. strumarium (rough cocklebur)
XYRIS
x. difformis (bog yellow-eyed grass) ๐๏ธ
x. montana (northern yellow-eyed grass) ๐๏ธ
ZANNICHELLIA
z. palustris (horned pondweed) ๐ง
ZANTHOXYLUM
z. americanum (northern prickly-ash)
ZIZANIA
z. aquatica (annual wild rice) ๐๏ธ
z. palustris (northern wild rice) ๐๏ธ
ZIZIA
z. aptera (heart-leaf golden alexander)
z. aurea (golden alexander)
ZOSTERA
z. marina (common eel-grass) ๐ง
