Extremely uncommon. Confined to a few square metres of cliff face seepage where it forms a sodden sheet of blackish-green foliage through which also grew Fissidens rigidulus var. rigidulus and numerous diatoms. The habitat shot is poor quality (taken at 7.30 pm) in a dark cleft where the spring arises. The large plant on the right is the aroid Alocasia brisbanensis (widely naturalised on Raoul Island), behind which is a mass of Pteris aff. comans and Adiantum cunninghamii. A scarce moss on the Kermadecs known only from four sites on Raoul Island (this image shows the largest of these). Close up images were taken by Jeremy Rolfe using material sent to him in May 2009 which had been repeatedly washed to clear off the diatoms and other miscellaneous flocc.